| Assertion (A): | The artificial systems used for classification of living organisms are not very acceptable to taxonomists. |
| Reason (R): | The artificial systems give more weightage to vegetative characteristics and no weightage to sexual characteristics and the sexual characteristics are easily affected by environment. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| 1. | flagellated and similar in size |
| 2. | flagellated and dissimilar in size |
| 3. | non-flagellated and dissimilar in size |
| 4. | non-flagellated and similar in size |
| 1. | Algae are chlorophyll-bearing, thalloid, autotrophic and largely aquatic (both fresh water and marine) organisms. |
| 2. | Algae are chlorophyll-bearing, having highly differentiated body, autotrophic and exclusively found in fresh water organisms. |
| 3. | Algae are chlorophyll-bearing or parasitic heterotrophic organisms, thalloid and largely marine organisms. |
| 4. | Algae are chlorophyll-lacking, thalloid, autotrophic and largely saprophytic organisms found in both fresh and marine waters. |
| I: | are found in chloroplasts of many algae. |
| II: | contain protein besides starch. |
| I: | Green algae | 2-8 flagella; equal in length and apical in insertion |
| II: | Brown algae | Food stored as floridean starch |
| III: | Red algae | Pear-shaped gametes bearing two laterally attached flagella |
| Assertion (A): | Bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant kingdom. |
| Reason (R): | Bryophytes play an important role in plant succession on bare rocks. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| I: | A is the gametophyte and B is the sporophyte. |
| II: | The ploidy of cells in A will be haploid and the ploidy of cells in B will be diploid. |