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Q. No.Match the microbial processes in Column I with their primary benefits or products in Column II.
Column I
Column II
A
Anaerobic digestion
1
Cleaning up oil spills
B
Fermentation by yeast
2
Enhancement of soil fertility
C
Nitrogen fixation by legume symbionts
3
Production of alcoholic beverages
D
Bioremediation by Pseudomonas
4
Generation of biogas
1. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
2. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
3. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
4. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
Subtopic: Industrial Products, Beverages & Antibiotics | Microbes in Production of Biogas | Microbes as Biofertilizer |
96%
Level 1: 80%+
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | Using microbes for the production of industrial products such as enzymes and pharmaceuticals is often more desirable than purely chemical methods. |
| Reason (R): | Microbial production methods can be more environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and can produce substances with higher specificity and lower by-products compared to traditional chemical synthesis. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A) |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) does not correctly explain (A) |
| 3. | (A) is True; (R) is False |
| 4. | (A) is False; (R) is True |
Subtopic: Chemicals, Enzymes & Other Bioactive Molecules |
92%
Level 1: 80%+
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What is the correct statement about the contributions of Alexander Fleming and Florey and Chain in the discovery and development of penicillin?
| 1. | Fleming discovered penicillin, and Florey and Chain developed the extraction and purification methods to produce it as a drug. |
| 2. | Fleming developed the extraction methods, and Florey and Chain discovered penicillin. |
| 3. | Florey and Chain discovered penicillin, and Fleming developed its commercial production. |
| 4. | Fleming, Florey, and Chain all simultaneously discovered penicillin. |
Subtopic: Industrial Products, Beverages & Antibiotics |
92%
Level 1: 80%+
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | The use of biofertilizers is encouraged in sustainable agriculture to reduce chemical input. |
| Reason (R): | Biofertilizers such as Rhizobium fix atmospheric nitrogen but they also cause several adverse effects on the environment. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
Subtopic: Microbes as Biofertilizer |
81%
Level 1: 80%+
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Cyanobacteria:
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
| I: | serve as important biofertilizers in paddy fields. |
| II: | add organic matter to the soil to increase its fertility. |
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
Subtopic: Microbes as Biofertilizer |
85%
Level 1: 80%+
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Consider the give statements:
1. Only I and II are correct
2. Only II and III are correct
3. Only I and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct
| I: | Wine and beer are produced without distillation. |
| II: | Whiskey, brandy and rum are produced by distillation. |
| III: | Toddy is a traditional alcoholic beverage from South India produced by fermenting palm tree sap. |
2. Only II and III are correct
3. Only I and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct
Subtopic: Industrial Products, Beverages & Antibiotics |
89%
Level 1: 80%+
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All the following are benefits of mycorrhizal association to vascular plants except:
1. Increasing its tolerance to drought
2. Enhancing its resistance to root pathogens
3. Enhancing its phosphorus uptake capacity
4. Biological nitrogen fixation
1. Increasing its tolerance to drought
2. Enhancing its resistance to root pathogens
3. Enhancing its phosphorus uptake capacity
4. Biological nitrogen fixation
Subtopic: Microbes as Biofertilizer |
64%
Level 2: 60%+
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If oxygen availability to activated sludge flocs in a sewage treatment plant is reduced:
| 1. | the rate of degradation of organic matter slows down |
| 2. | the center of flocs becomes anoxic, causing death of bacteria and eventually breakage of flocs. |
| 3. | the flocs would increase in size as anaerobic bacteria would grow around flocs. |
| 4. | Protozoa would grow in large numbers. |
Subtopic: Microbes in Sewage Treatment |
Level 3: 35%-60%
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The technology of biogas production from cow dung was developed in India largely due to the efforts of:
| 1. | Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited |
| 2. | Oil and Natural Gas Commission |
| 3. | Indian Agricultural Research Institute and Khadi & Village Industries Commission |
| 4. | Indian Oil Corporation. |
Subtopic: Microbes in Production of Biogas |
98%
Level 1: 80%+
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Methanogenic bacteria are found in:
1. Only I
2. Only II
3. Both I and II
4. Neither I nor II
| I: | rumen of cattle | II: | activated sludge |
2. Only II
3. Both I and II
4. Neither I nor II
Subtopic: Microbes in Production of Biogas |
Level 4: Below 35%
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