Q. No.Unlike terrestrial ecosystems, the majority of primary production in the ocean is:
1.
not dependent on the Sun as the source of energy
2.
performed by phytoplankton
3.
not limited by the availability of nitrogen
4.
not important from a global perspective
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Identify the incorrectly matched pair:
|
1. |
Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels |
Stratification |
|
2. |
Mass of living material at a particular time at each trophic level |
Standing crop |
|
3. |
Rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers |
Net primary productivity |
|
4. |
The rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis |
Gross primary productivity |
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During the decomposition of complex organic matter:
| I: | Fragmentation of detritus creates smaller particles. |
| II: | Due to leaching water-soluble inorganic nutrients get precipitated. |
| III: | Catabolism by fungal and bacterial enzymes degrades detritus to simple organic monomers. |
| IV: | Humus is highly resistant to microbial action |
| V: | Mineralization is a rapid process of release of inorganic nutrients from the humus |
1. All except III are correct
2. All except III and IV are correct
3. All except III and V are correct
4. Only III is correct
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Which of the following is not a correct difference between a grazing food chain [GFC] and a detritus food chain [DFC]?
|
|
GFC |
DFC |
|
1. |
Major conduit of energy flow in aquatic ecosystem |
Major conduit of energy flow in terrestrial ecosystem |
|
2. |
Much larger energy flows through it |
Much smaller energy flows through it |
|
3. |
Begins with producers |
Begins with dead organic matter |
|
4. |
Energy for this food chain comes from the sun |
Energy for this food chain comes from the remains of detritus |
Nitrogen is often a limiting nutrient in terrestrial ecosystems because:
| 1. | the percentage of nitrogen in the atmosphere is low |
| 2. | atmospheric nitrogen is primarily in the stratosphere |
| 3. | dinitrogen cannot be used directly by the organisms |
| 4. | there are regional fluctuations in nitrogen levels in the atmosphere |
A primary consumer amongst the following would be:
| 1. | an autotroph | 2. | a horse parasite |
| 3. | an oak tree parasite | 4. | a wolf |
Top predators are especially endangered primarily because:
1. The population size would be small
2. Their food requirement is huge
3. They are more prone to diseases
4. They are usually outcompeted by prey
Choose the correct chronological order [lowest to highest] of the production efficiency of the given animals:
| 1. | mammals, fish, insects | 2. | insects, fish, mammals |
| 3. | fish, insects, mammals | 4. | insects, mammals, fish |
A herbivore eats 4,000 J of plant material. 2200 J is indigestible and is eliminated as feces. 1,600 J are used in cellular respiration. What is the approximate production efficiency of this animal?
| 1. | 1% | 2. | 5% |
| 3. | 10% | 4. | 50% |
The productivity in an aquatic ecosystem is least likely to be limited by:
| 1. | nitrogen | 2. | carbon |
| 3. | phosphorus | 4. | iron |
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