Chemiosmosis in chloroplasts is possible because of:

1. establishment of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
2. diffusion of electrons through the ATP synthase.
3. osmosis of water from thylakoid to stroma.
4. presence of large amount of oxygen in the stroma.

Subtopic:  Chemiosmotic hypothesis |
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The ATP synthase complexes in a plant cell are located:

I: in the thylakoid membrane
II: in the plasma membrane
III: in the inner mitochondrial membrane

1. I and II only 2. I and III only
3. II and III only 4. I, II and III
Subtopic:  Chemiosmotic hypothesis |
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In chloroplasts, protons are actively pumped from
1. the intermembrane space to the matrix.
2. the matrix to the stroma.
3. the stroma to the thylakoid space.
4. the thylakoid space to the intermembrane space.

Subtopic:  Chemiosmotic hypothesis |
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The following diagram shows the C4 photosynthetic carbon cycle. A and B can respectively be:
   
1. Pyruvate; malate or aspartate
2. Phoshoglycerate; fumarate or aspartate
3. Phosphoenol pyruvate; malate or aspartate
4. Phosphoenol pyruvate; fumarate or aspartate

Subtopic:  C4 Cycle (Hatch & Slack Pathway) |
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The relationship between photosynthesis and respiration can be best described as:

1. Photosynthesis and respiration are reversal of each other in biochemical pathways.
2. Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, while respiration releases it.
3. Respiration occurs only in animals and photosynthesis occurs only in plants.
4. Respiration results in formation of ATP but photosynthesis can only use them.
Subtopic:  Introduction |
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Probably the strongest biological oxidizing agent is P680+ because:
1. It accepts electron in both photosystems.
2. It transfers electrons to plastoquinone.
3. It strongly attracts electrons formed by the splitting of water.
4. It transfers electrons to plastocyanin.

Subtopic:  Photosystems |
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The primary function of the Calvin cycle is to:
1. use ATP to release carbon dioxide
2. use NADPH to release carbon dioxide
3. split water and release oxygen
4. fix inorganic carbon to simple sugars

Subtopic:  Dark Reaction : Calvin Cycle |
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Which of the following must occur in the biochemical pathway of Calvin cycle?
1. addition of a pair of electrons from NADPH
2. inactivation of RuBP carboxylase enzyme
3. regeneration of ATP from ADP
4. regeneration of RuBP

Subtopic:  Dark Reaction : Calvin Cycle |
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Given below is the schematic diagram of Calvin cycle taking place in a certain plant. ATP used by this plant is radioactively labeled. One turn of the cycle is allowed to happen. Radioactivity would be seen in all except:

  

1. A
2. B
3. C and D
4. E

Subtopic:  Dark Reaction : Calvin Cycle |

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For the synthesis of glucose, the source of hydrogen atoms is:

1. Water 2. NADPH
3. FADH2 4. Monosaccharides
Subtopic:  Dark Reaction: Biosynthetic Phase |

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