A. | Breathing or pulmonary ventilation by which air is drawn in and CO2 rich air is released out |
B. | Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between blood and tissue |
C. | Transport of gases by the blood |
D. | Diffusion of O2 and CO2 across alveolar membrane |
E. | Utilization of O2 by the cells for catabolic reactions and resultant release of CO2 |
(a) | It includes ERV, TV and IRV |
(b) | Total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration |
(c) | The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after forced expiration |
(d) | It includes ERV, RV and IRV. |
(e) | The maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration. |
1. | Medulla | 2. | Pons |
3. | Thalamus | 4. | Cerebrum |
1. Only I, II and III | 2. Only I, III and IV |
3. Only II, III and IV | 4. I, II, III and IV |
The figure shows the events happening during the inhalation and exhalation phases of pulmonary ventilation. Read the two given statements carefully.
I: A shows the inhalation phase brought about by the contraction of diaphragm that increases the volume of thorax in antero-posterior axis and by the contraction of external intercostal muscle that increases the volume of thorax in dorso-ventral axis.
II: B shows the exhalation phase brought about by the relaxation of diaphragm that decreases the volume of thorax in antero-posterior axis and by the contraction of internal intercostal muscle that decreases the volume of thorax in dorso-ventral axis.
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
The figure shows pulmonary volumes as measured on a spirometer. Which of the following will be true?
I. A+B = Inspiratory Reserve Volume II. C+D = Functional Residual Capacity III. B+C = Tidal Volume IV. [(A+B+C+D) – (A+B+C)] = Residual Volume |
1. Only I is true | 2. Only II is true |
3. I and II are true | 4. I and II are false |
Study the given figure showing the neural regulation of respiration in humans and select the correct statements from the given statements.
Statement I: The location of the pneumotaxic centre is the Pons of the brain stem and it moderates the function of respiratory rhythm centre.
Statement II: The respiratory rhythm centre is the dorsal respiratory group shown in the figure and is also located in the Pons of the brain stem.
1. Only Statement I is true
2. Only Statement II is true
3. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
4. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
Study the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve given in the figure and select the correct statements regarding it:
I: The p50 is the pressure at which haemoglobin is 50% saturated which corresponds to about 27 mmHg on the X-axis.
II: A right shift of the curve means haemoglobin holds less tightly onto oxygen and delivers more oxygen to the tissues at a given arterial oxygen pressure.
1. Only I is true
2. Only II is true
3. Both I and II are true
4. Both I and II are false