Q. No.Which of the following statements are correct with respect to vital capacity?
(a)
It includes ERV, TV and IRV
(b)
Total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration
(c)
The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after forced expiration
(d)
It includes ERV, RV and IRV.
(e)
The maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1. (b), (d) and (e)
2. (a), (c) and (d)
3. (a), (c) and (e)
4. (a) and (e)
| 1. | Medulla | 2. | Pons |
| 3. | Thalamus | 4. | Cerebrum |
I: P is an incomplete cartilaginous ring seen only in trachea and principal bronchus.
II: Q is the point where the trachea divides into a right and left primary bronchus and corresponds to the level of 5th thoracic vertebra.
III: R shows the double-layered pleura where the outer pleural membrane is in close contact with the thoracic lining.
IV: S is pleural cavity with minimal amount of pleural fluid which reduces friction on the lung surface.
| 1. Only I, II and III | 2. Only I, III and IV |
| 3. Only II, III and IV | 4. I, II, III and IV |
The figure shows the events happening during the inhalation and exhalation phases of pulmonary ventilation. Read the two given statements carefully.
I: A shows the inhalation phase brought about by the contraction of diaphragm that increases the volume of thorax in antero-posterior axis and by the contraction of external intercostal muscle that increases the volume of thorax in dorso-ventral axis.
II: B shows the exhalation phase brought about by the relaxation of diaphragm that decreases the volume of thorax in antero-posterior axis and by the contraction of internal intercostal muscle that decreases the volume of thorax in dorso-ventral axis.
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
The figure shows pulmonary volumes as measured on a spirometer. Which of the following will be true?
| I. A+B = Inspiratory Reserve Volume II. C+D = Functional Residual Capacity III. B+C = Tidal Volume IV. [(A+B+C+D) – (A+B+C)] = Residual Volume |
 |
1. Only II is correct
2. Only II and IV are correct
3. Only I and III are correct
4. I, II, III and IV are correct
I: The partial pressures of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide at Point A in Figure I correspond to that of Point P in Figure II.
II: The partial pressure of Carbon dioxide at Point B in Figure I corresponds to that of Point Q in Figure II.
| 1. Only I is true | 2. Only II is true |
| 3. I and II are true | 4. I and II are false |
Study the given figure showing the neural regulation of respiration in humans and select the correct statements from the given statements.
Statement I: The location of the pneumotaxic centre is the Pons of the brain stem and it moderates the function of respiratory rhythm centre.
Statement II: The respiratory rhythm centre is the dorsal respiratory group shown in the figure and is also located in the Pons of the brain stem.
1. Only Statement I is true
2. Only Statement II is true
3. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
4. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
Study the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve given in the figure and select the correct statements regarding it:
.svg)
I: The p50 is the pressure at which haemoglobin is 50% saturated which corresponds to about 27 mmHg on the X-axis.
II: A right shift of the curve means haemoglobin holds less tightly onto oxygen and delivers more oxygen to the tissues at a given arterial oxygen pressure.
1. Only I is true
2. Only II is true
3. Both I and II are true
4. Both I and II are false
Identify the respiratory disorder shown in the figure above:
1. Bronchial asthma
2. Emphysema
3. Pneumoconiosis [occupational lung disease]
4. Tuberculosis
Identify the respiratory disorder shown in the given figure:
1. Bronchial asthma
2. Emphysema
3. Pneumoconiosis [occupational lung disease]
4. Tuberculosis
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