DNA fragments digested by restriction endonucleases separate on agar gel electrophoresis according to their size because:

1. they are forced to move towards cathode under an electric field
2. agar gel provides a sieving effect
3. larger fragments will have more negative charge and will move farther in the electric field
4. chelation with ethidium bromide reduce the rate of transport of fragments
Subtopic:  Separation and Isolation of DNA fragments |
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