Q. No.Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
Dominance is not an autonomous feature of a gene or the product that it has information for.
Reason (R):
The frequency of a gene or an allele in a population is ultimately decided by factors such as natural selection.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
1.
Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.
Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.
(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.
(A) is False but (R) is True.
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1. Anaphase I and Metaphase II
2. Anaphase I and Anaphase II
3. Metaphase I and Anaphase II
4. Metaphase I and Metaphase II
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| Statement I: | X will be parental types (98.7%) and recombinant types (1.3%); Y will be parental types (62.8%) and recombinant types (37.2%) |
| Statement II: | The strength of linkage is inversely proportional to the distance between the genes located on the same chromosome. |
1. Only Statement I
2. Only Statement II
3. Both Statement I and Statement II
4. Neither Statement I nor Statement II
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| 1. | 2 genes | 2. | 3 genes |
| 3. | 4 genes | 4. | 6 genes |
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| 1. | 6/64 | 2. | 15/64 |
| 3. | 20/64 | 4. | 1/64 |
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| I: | Polygenic inheritance takes into account the influence of the environment. |
| II: | In a polygenic trait, the phenotype reflects the contribution of each allele, i.e., the effect of each allele is additive. |
| III: | The normal distribution curve is bell-shaped in polygenic inheritance. |
| IV: | It is also known as quantitative inheritance. |
| 1. | 0 | 2. | 1 |
| 3. | 3 | 4. | 4 |
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| I: | Where a single gene can exhibit multiple phenotypic expressions, such a gene is called a pleiotropic gene. |
| II: | The underlying mechanism of pleiotropy in most cases is the effect of a gene on metabolic pathways which contribute towards different phenotypes. |
| III: | Phenylketonuria is caused by a defect in the gene that codes for the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase and manifests itself through phenotypic expression characterised by mental retardation and a reduction in hair and skin pigmentation. |
| 1. | Statement I is correct, Statement II is correct, Statement III is incorrect. |
| 2. | Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is correct, Statement III is incorrect. |
| 3. | Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect, Statement III is correct. |
| 4. | Statement I is correct, Statement II is correct, Statement III is correct. |
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| A |  |
 |
| B |  |
 |
| 1. | Only A | 2. | Only B |
| 3. | Both A and B | 4. | Neither A nor B |
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| I. | The sex determination in honey bee is based on the number of sets of chromosomes an individual receives. |
| II. | An offspring formed from the union of a sperm and an egg develops as a female (queen or worker), and an unfertilised egg develops as a male (drone) by means of parthenogenesis. |
| III. | The males have double the number of chromosomes than that of a female, therefore, the females are haploid having 16 chromosomes and the males are diploid, i.e., having 32 chromosomes. |
| IV. | This is called a haplodiploid sex-determination system. |
| V. | The males produce sperms by mitosis, they do not have a father and thus cannot have sons, but have a grandfather and can have grandsons. |
| 1. | 2 | 2. | 3 |
| 3. | 4 | 4. | 5 |
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| Pedigree Symbol | Meaning | |
| 1. |  |
Mating between relatives (consanguineous mating) |
| 2. |  |
Parents above and children below (in order of birth – left to right) |
| 3. |  |
Parents with a male child affected with the disease |
| 4. |  |
Five affected offspring |
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