Q. No.Energy flow and nutrient cycling are two important components of an ecosystem. What will be true comparison of the two?
1.
The amount of energy is much greater than the amount of nutrients
2.
Organisms always need nutrients, but they don't always need energy
3.
Nutrients are recycled, but energy is not
4.
Organisms always need energy, but they don't always need nutrients
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The ecological pyramids that can never be inverted in a natural ecosystem include:
| I: | pyramid of numbers |
| II: | pyramid of energy in any ecosystem |
| III: | pyramid of biomass in the sea |
1. Only II
2. Only III
3. Only II and III
4. All can be inverted
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Primary succession takes a very long time when compared to secondary succession, primarily, because:
1. immigration of pioneer species takes time
2. soil formation is a very slow process
3. there is a low availability of ecological niches
4. environmental conditions are highly variable
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Consider the two statements:
| I: | Food chains rarely extend for more than 4 or 5 levels. |
| II: | Consumers at each level convert, on an average, only about 10% of the chemical energy in their food to their own organic tissue. |
1. Both I and II are correct and II explains I.
2. Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I.
3. Only I is correct.
4. Both I and II are incorrect.
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Of the total solar radiation that falls on the leaves of the plants, about what percent is captured by them?
| 1. | 1 – 5 % | 2. | 2 – 10 % |
| 3. | 40 – 50 % | 4. | 90 – 100 % |
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Identify the incorrect statement regarding phosphorus cycle in an ecosystem:
| 1. | Phosphorus frequently limits the primary productivity of an ecosystem |
| 2. | Phosphorus is a nutrient that typically cycles within most localized area |
| 3. | Gaseous exchange of phosphorus between organisms and environment is negligible |
| 4. | The largest reservoir of phosphorus in the biosphere is the ocean |
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Consider the given two statements:
| I: | In most ecosystems, all the ecological pyramids are largely upright. |
| II: | Pyramid of energy can be a notable exception to the above rule. |
1. Both I and II are correct.
2. Both I and II are incorrect.
3. Only II is correct.
4. Only I is correct.
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On the land, almost all primary production is performed by:
| 1. | Phytoplanktons | 2. | Algae |
| 3. | Mosses and Liverworts | 4. | Vascular plants |
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Consider the given two statements:
| I: | Human burning of fossil fuels today is creating large contemporary imbalances in the carbon cycle. |
| II: | It has significantly increased the rate of release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. |
| 1. | Both I and II are correct and II explains I. |
| 2. | Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I. |
| 3. | I is correct but II is incorrect. |
| 4. | I is incorrect but II is correct. |
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If we put a price tag on nature’s life-support services, about 50 % of the total cost will be accounted for by:
1. Recreation and nutrient cycling
2. Soil formation
3. Climate regulation
4. Habitat for wildlife
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