An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch is an example of:
1. | Ectoparasitism | 2. | Endopararsitism |
3. | Commensalism | 4. | Mutualism |
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All the following relations are examples of commensalism except:
1. Sea anemone and clown fish
2. Cattle egret and grazing cattle
3. Barnacles growing on the back of whale
4. Cuscuta growing on hedge plants
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Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between a fungus and:
1. | an algae | 2. | a cyanobacterium |
3. | a brown alga | 4. | either 1 or 2 |
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In mycorrhiza, the fungi help the plant in:
1. Synthesis of high energy carbohydrates
2. Absorption of essential nutrients from the soil
3. Nitrogen fixation
4. Biocontrol of pathogens
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The fig tree is pollinated by a:
1. | Honeybee | 2. | Wasp |
3. | Bird | 4. | Moth |
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To get pollinated by a bee, the Mediterranean Orchid, Ophrys, employs:
1. Sexual deceit
2. Pseudo-copulation
3. Reward in the form of nectar
4. Place for laying eggs
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A population with a population pyramid that has an extremely broad base will most likely be:
1. | a rapidly expanding population |
2. | a stable population |
3. | a population where the birth rate equaled the death rate |
4. | a population where there were more old than young individuals |
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In the formula for exponential growth (dN/dt = rN), what does ‘r’ stand for?
1. the carrying capacity of the environment
2. the change in time
3. the number of individuals in the population
4. the intrinsic rate of natural increase of the population
The biome characterized by a mean annual temperature between 5C and 22C and mean annual precipitation between 5 cm and 50 cm is:
1. Desert
2. Arctic and alpine tundra
3. Temperate forest
4. Grassland
Many freshwater animals cannot live for long in sea water and vice versa because of:
1. Buoyancy related problems
2. Lack of impermeable skins
3. Thermolabile enzymes
4. Osmotic considerations