Q. No.Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
Ability to maintain a constant internal environment enhances the overall ‘fitness’ of the species.
Reason (R):
A constant internal environment permits all biochemical reactions and physiological functions to proceed with maximal efficiency.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
1.
(A) is true but (R) is false.
2.
(A) is false but (R) is true.
3.
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).
4.
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A).
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| Assertion (A): | Conformers resign themselves to sub-optimal performance if the prevailing environmental conditions are not in their range of tolerance. |
| Reason (R): | An overwhelming majority of animals and nearly all plants cannot maintain a constant internal environment. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
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| I. | migrate temporarily |
| II. | suspend their development till the return of favourable conditions |
| III. | become ‘regulators’ if they are ‘conformers’ |
1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
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| Statement I: | Bears go into aestivation to avoid summer related problems – heat and dessication. |
| Statement II: | Snails and fish go into hibernation during winter. |
1. Only Statement I
2. Only Statement II
3. Both Statement I and Statement II
4. Neither Statement I nor Statement II
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| I. | Many adaptations have evolved over a long evolutionary time and are genetically fixed. |
| II. | Kangaroo rat has a remarkable ability to concentrate its urine. |
| III. | In Opuntia, leaves are reduced to spines and the photosynthetic function is taken over by the flattened stems. |
1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II, and III
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| Assertion (A): | Tribes living in high altitudes of Himalayas normally have a higher RBC count [or total haemoglobin] than people living in the plains. |
| Reason (R): | In low atmospheric pressure of high altitudes, the hypoxic conditions lead to an increased production of RBCs by bone marrow. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
| 2. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 3. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
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| Assertion (A): | Population ecology links ecology to population genetics and evolution. |
| Reason (R): | It is at the population level that natural selection operates to evolve the desired traits. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
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| I. | The ecological role of the banyan tree in this community is negligible when compared to that of carrot grass. |
| II. | In this community, the percent cover or biomass is a more meaningful measure of the population size. |
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
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| Assertion (A): | The number of fish caught per trap is not a good measure of its total population density in the lake. |
| Reason (R): | For ecological investigations, it is obligatory to count every individual in a population to estimate population density. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
| 4. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
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| I. | Nt+1 = Nt + [(B+I) – (D+E)] |
| II. | B is a measure of Natality and D is a measure of Mortality |
| III. | If (B+I) is less than (D+E), the population density will increase |
| 1. | Only I and II are correct | 2. | Only I and III are correct |
| 3. | Only II and III are correct | 4. | I, II and III are correct |
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