1. Addison’s disease | 2. Hashimoto’s disease |
3. Gull’s disease | 4. Conn’s syndrome |
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1. | Calcium | 2. | Iron |
3. | Iodine | 4. | Zinc |
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I: | In bone, PTH enhances the release of calcium from the large reservoir contained in the bones. |
II: | \((HPO^{2-}_4)\) from the tubular fluid. | In the kidney, PTH stimulates reabsorption of calcium but inhibits the reabsorption of phosphate
III: | It activates vitamin D, which in turn enables intestinal epithelium to absorb calcium. |
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I: | FSH is hydrophilic and hence cannot enter the cell and therefore acts via a second messenger. |
II: | The second messenger will cause physiological responses after binding to a receptor present in the nucleus of the cells and then influencing the level of gene expression in the target cell. |
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1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
A | Atrial natriuretic peptide | EPO | Atrial natriuretic peptide | EPO |
B | Vaso- constriction |
Vaso- dilation |
Vaso- dilation |
Vaso- constriction |
C | Increase in blood pressure | Decrease in blood pressure | Decrease in blood pressure | Increase in blood pressure |
D | Decrease in renin | Decrease in renin | Decrease in renin | Decrease in renin |
E | Decrease in Angiotensin II and aldosterone | Decrease in Angiotensin II and aldosterone | Decrease in Angiotensin II and aldosterone | Decrease in Angiotensin II and aldosterone |
F | Diuresis | Concentration of urine | Diuresis | Concentration of urine |
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I: | A is the hormone secretin secreted by the intestinal mucosa in response to an acid rich chyme entering the duodenum. |
II: | B is cholecystokinin and like secretin, it is also an enterogastrone. |
III: | C is Gastrin. |
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1. | Somatostatin | 2. | Somatotropin |
3. | Insulin like Growth Factor | 4. | Somatomammotropin |
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1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |