Q. No.
The arrow shows an area of the brain with a number of important functions including linking the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. This area must be:
1. Hypophysis
2. Hypothalamus
3. Corpora quadrigemina
4. Mammillary body
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In the given diagram, A and B respectively are:
| A | B | |
| 1. | Anterior pituitary | Posterior pituitary |
| 2. | Superior colliculus | Inferior colliculus |
| 3. | Pineal gland | Pituitary gland |
| 4. | Broca’s area | Sella turcica |
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The diagram shows the connection between hypothalamus and pituitary. Identify the correct statements based on the given diagram:
I. A are hypothalamic neurons that produce ADH and Oxytocin
II. B is the infundibulum or pituitary stalk
III. C is a portal vein
IV. D is pars distalis
V. E is pars nervosa
| 1. I and II only | 2. I, II and III only |
| 3. I and III only | 4. II and III only |
The given diagram shows glucose homeostasis in humans.
I. A is insulin and B is glucagon
II. A is a peptide hormone and B is a steroid
III. A is a hypoglycaemic hormone and B is a hyperglycaemic hormone
| 1. Only I is correct | 2. Only I and III are correct |
| 3. Only II is correct | 4. I, II and III are correct |
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 |
I. Under normal physiological conditions, a decrease in the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood will lead to an increase in the secretion of TRH by Hypothalamus. II. Under normal physiological conditions, a decrease in the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood will lead to a decrease in the secretion of TSH by Anterior pituitary. |
| 1. Only I | 2. Only II |
| 3. Both I and II | 4. Neither I nor II |
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I. Z1 is functionally related to sympathetic neural system.
II. Only the hormones secreted by Z2 are steroids.
III. The hormone secreted by Z3 is an androgen.
IV. The hormone secreted by Z1 mainly affects the carbohydrate, lipid and fat metabolism and is a potent anti-inflammatory agent.
V. All hormones produced by Z1, Z2 and Z3 act through a second messenger on their target cells.
| 1. | Only IV | 2. | Only IV and V |
| 3. | Only III | 4. | I, II and III |
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I. It is due to the sudden release of adrenaline and nor-adrenaline in our body.
II. The other effects likely to be seen are bronchodilation, a dilation of blood vessels in skeletal muscle and heart and inhibition of gastrointestinal functions.
| 1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
| 3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
| 1. Addison’s disease | 2. Hashimoto’s disease |
| 3. Gull’s disease | 4. Conn’s syndrome |
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| 1. Calcium | 2. Iron |
| 3. Iodine | 4. Zinc |
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I: In bone, PTH enhances the release of calcium from the large reservoir contained in the bones.
II: In the kidney, PTH stimulates reabsorption of calcium but inhibits the reabsorption of phosphate \((HPO^{2-}_4)\) from the tubular fluid.
III. It activates vitamin D, which in turn enables intestinal epithelium to absorb calcium.
1. Only I and II are correct
2. Only I and III are correct
3. Only II and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct
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