Q. No.| I: | is released when an excessive loss of fluid from the body activates osmoreceptors in the body. |
| II: | prevents dieresis by facilitating water reabsorption from the initial and proximal parts of the tubules. |
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates
1. Adrenal medulla to release adrenaline
2. Posterior pituitary to release vasopressin
3. Juxta glomerular cells to release renin
4. Adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
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Which of the following does not favor the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?
| 1. Alcohol | 2. Caffeine |
| 3. Renin | 4. Atrial-natriuretic factor |
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All the following are the physiological effects of angiotensin II except:
1. Vasoconstriction in renal artery and afferent arteriole
2. Vasodilation in efferent arteriole
3. Increased sodium absorption in PCT
4. Stimulation of adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
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A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of
| 1. renin | 2. atrial natriuretic factor |
| 3. aldosterone | 4. ADH |
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
| Assertion (A): | The atrial natriuertic peptide [ANP] opposes RAAS. |
| Reason (R): | The ANP is released by the wall of the right atrium. |
In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
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Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?
1. Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules to aldosterone
2. Atrial natriuretic factor causing vasoconstriction
3. Decrease in secretion of renin by JG cells
4. More water reabsorption due to under-secretion of ADH
Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted tubule?
1. Increase in aldosterone levels.
2. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels.
3. Decrease in aldosterone levels.
4. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels.
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A result of secretion of ADH is that :
1. the walls of the collecting ducts become less permeable to urea and water
2. the water channels, or aquaporins, appear in the cell membranes of the collecting duct epithelial cells promoting the reabsorption of water from the filtrate
3. the ultrafiltrate flowing through the collecting duct becomes more hypotonic
4. a greater volume of dilute urine is excreted
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