Q. No.Regarding the human kidney:
1.
glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the efferent arteriole
2.
vasa recta is highly reduced in juxtamedullary nephrons
3.
DCTs of many nephrons open into a straight tube called collecting duct
4.
columns of Bertini are extensions of medulla into the cortex
| I: | Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the efferent arteriole |
| II: | Afferent arteriole forms the peritubular capillary network |
| III: | Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in juxtamedullary nephrons |
| 1. | Only III is correct |
| 2. | I is correct but II and III are incorrect |
| 3. | I, II and III are incorrect |
| 4. | I and II are correct |
| I: | is lined by cuboidal brush bordered epithelium |
| II: | reabsorbs 70-80 percent of electrolytes and water |
| 1. | Proximal convoluted tubule |
| 2. | Loop of Henle |
| 3. | Distal convoluted tubule |
| 4. | Collecting duct |
| I: | is a vasoconstrictor |
| II: | stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone |
| 1. | Only I is correct |
| 2. | Only II is correct |
| 3. | Both I and II are correct |
| 4. | Both I and II are incorrect |
| I: | Small amounts of urea is transported back to medullary interstitium by ascending portion of vasa recta |
| II: | NaCl is returned to the medullary interstitium by the descending portion of vasa recta |
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
| I: | is released when an excessive loss of fluid from the body activates osmoreceptors in the body. |
| II: | prevents dieresis by facilitating water reabsorption from the initial and proximal parts of the tubules. |
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised
1. in kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver
2. in kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys
3. in liver and also eliminated by the same through bile
4. in the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys
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The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70-80%) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?
1. Ascending limb of loop of Henle
2. Distal convoluted tubule
3. Proximal convoluted tubule
4. Descending limb of loop of Henle
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Which of the following statements is correct?
1. The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
2. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water.
3. The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes.
4. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
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| 1. | Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by afferent arteriole. |
| 2. | Blood from the glomerulus is carried away by an efferent arteriole. |
| 3. | Vasa recta is well developed in cortical nephrons. |
| 4. | The DCTs of many nephrons open into a straight tube called collecting duct. |
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