Q. No.What will happen to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) if efferent arteriole smooth muscle is contracted?
1. GFR will increase
2. GFR will decrease
3. GFR will remain constant
4. GFR will increase initially and then decrease
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Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron?
1. Henle's loop - most reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate
2. Distal convoluted tubule - reabsorption of ions into the surrounding blood capillaries
3. Afferent arteriole - carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards the renal vein
4. Podocytes- create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman's capsule
Which one of the following statements in regard to excretion by the human kidneys is correct?
1. Descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water
2. Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO-3
3. Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
4. Ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes
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Which of the following statements is correct?
1. The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
2. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water.
3. The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes.
4. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
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The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70-80%) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?
1. Ascending limb of loop of Henle
2. Distal convoluted tubule
3. Proximal convoluted tubule
4. Descending limb of loop of Henle
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The glomerular filtration rate is most affected by:
1. blood osmotic pressure
2. capsular osmotic pressure
3. capsular hydrostatic pressure
4. net filtration pressure
Identify the point in the nephron by which glucose is completely reabsorbed from the filtrate under normal physiological conditions:
1. the end of the proximal tubule.
2. the tip of the loop of Henle.
3. the end of the distal tubule.
4. the end of the collecting duct.
Aderenal cortex releases aldosterone when activated by:
1. ADH
2. Low potassium concentration in ECF
3. Angiotensin II
4. Renin
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Which of these has the highest concentration in the urine?
| 1. | glucose | 2. | sodium |
| 3. | uric acid | 4. | phosphate |
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