Q. No.| I. Alveolar epithelium | II. Vascular endothelium |
| 1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
| 3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
| Assertion (A): | The amount of carbon dioxide that can diffuse through the diffusion membrane per unit difference in partial pressure is much higher compared to that of oxygen. |
| Reason (R): | The solubility of carbon dioxide is 20 – 25 times lower than that of oxygen. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
Consider the two statements:
I. About 97 percent of oxygen and 20-25 percent of carbon dioxide is transported by RBC.
II. Oxygen is more soluble in water than carbon dioxide
1. Both I and II are correct and II explains I
2. Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I
3. I is correct but II is incorrect
4. Both I and II are incorrect
| I: | The factors are all favourable for the formation of oxyhemoglobin. |
| II: | Carbon dioxide trapped as bicarbonate at the tissue level is released out as carbon dioxide. |
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
The volume of air that is available for gas exchange each minute is the
1. minute ventilation
2. anatomical dead air space
3. physiological dead air space
4. alveolar ventilation
Match the following columns and select the correct option :
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (a) | Pneumotaxic centre | (i) | Alveoli |
| (b) | O2 dissociation curve | (ii) | Pons region of the brain |
| (c) | Carbonic anhydrase | (iii) | Haemoglobin |
| (d) | Primary site of exchange of gases | (iv) | R.B.C. |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| 1. | (i) | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) |
| 2. | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) | (i) |
| 3. | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) | (i) |
| 4. | (iv) | (i) | (iii) | (ii) |
| 1. | Tidal volume in a healthy human adult | About 500 ml |
| 2. | Partial pressure of oxygen in oxygenated blood | 159 mm Hg |
| 3. | Resting respiratory rate in a healthy adult | 12 to 16 per minute |
| 4. | Percent of carbon dioxide transported as bicarbonate in the blood | 70 |
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
1. The residual air in lungs slightly decreases the efficiency of respiration in mammals
2. The presence of non-respiratory air sacs increases the efficiency of respiration in birds
3. In insects, circulating body fluids serve to distribute oxygen to tissues
4. The principle of counter current flow facilitates efficient respiration in gills of fishes
People living at sea level have around 5 million RBC per cubic millimeter of their blood whereas those living at an altitude of 5400 metres have around 8 million. This is because at high altitude:
1. people get pollution-free air to breathe and more oxygen is available
2. atmospheric O2 level is less and hence more RBCs are needed to absorb the required amount of O2 to survive
3. there is more UV radiation which enhances RBC production
4. people eat more nutritive food, therefore more RBCs are formed
What will be the partial pressure of oxygen in a mixture of gases where the total pressure is 500 mmHg and oxygen comprises 20% of the gas mixture?
| 1. 0.1 mm Hg | 2. 10 mm Hg |
| 3. 100 mm Hg | 4. 200 mm Hg |
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