Q. No.Asthma may be attributed to?
1. allergic reaction of the mast cells in the lungs
2. inflammation of the trachea
3. accumulation of fluid in the lungs
4. bacterial infection of the lungs
2. inflammation of the trachea
3. accumulation of fluid in the lungs
4. bacterial infection of the lungs
Pulmonary fibrosis is a characteristic feature of all cases of:
| 1. | Occupational lung diseases | 2. | Bronchial asthma |
| 3. | Emphysema | 4. | Pneumonia |
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Which of the following options correctly represents the lung conditions in asthma and emphysema, respectively?
1. Inflammation of bronchioles; decreased respiratory surface
2. Increased number of bronchioles; increased respiratory surface
3. Increased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles
4. Decreased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles
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| Column I | Column II | ||
| a. | Tidal volume | (i) | 2500-3000 mL |
| b. | Inspiratory Reserve | (ii) | 1100-1200 mL |
| c. | Expiratory Reserve | (iii) | 500-550 mL |
| d. | Residual volume | (iv) | 1000-1100 mL |
| a | b | c | d | |
| 1. | iii | ii | i | iv |
| 2. | iii | i | iv | ii |
| 3. | i | iv | ii | iii |
| 4. | iv | iii | ii | i |
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| 1. | Tidal volume in a healthy human adult | About 500 ml |
| 2. | Partial pressure of oxygen in oxygenated blood | 159 mm Hg |
| 3. | Resting respiratory rate in a healthy adult | 12 to 16 per minute |
| 4. | Percent of carbon dioxide transported as bicarbonate in the blood | 70 |
| 1. | Inspiratory capacity | Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume |
| 2. | Expiratory capacity | Tidal volume + Expiratory reserve volume |
| 3. | Functional residual capacity | Residual volume + Inspiratory reserve volume |
| 4. | Vital capacity | Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume + Expiratory reserve volume |
| 1. | Partial pressure of oxygen in alveolar air | 104 mm Hg |
| 2. | Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in deoxygenated blood | 45 mm Hg |
| 3. | Transport of carbon dioxide in blood as bicarbonate | 70 % |
| 4. | Transport of carbon dioxide as carbaminohemoglobin | 7 % |
| I: | The factors are all favourable for the formation of oxyhemoglobin. |
| II: | Carbon dioxide trapped as bicarbonate at the tissue level is released out as carbon dioxide. |
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
| I. Alveolar epithelium | II. Vascular endothelium |
| 1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
| 3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
| 1. | Every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver around 5 ml of oxygen to the tissue under normal physiological conditions. |
| 2. | Oxygen gas has most potent effect on the central chemoreceptors and plays most vital role in regulation of respiration |
| 3. | Nearly 70 percent of carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate in the blood. |
| 4. | Every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers about 4 ml of carbon dioxide to the alveoli. |
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