Q. No.Name the cavities in which the lungs are located:
1. pleural and abdominal cavities.
2. pericardial and thoracic cavities.
3. pleural and thoracic cavities.
4. pleural and pericardial cavities.
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A minimal amount of pleural fluid present in the pleural cavity:
1. provides a medium for the exchange of respiratory gases
2. reduces friction between the visceral and parietal pleurae
3. provides lubrication for movements of the diaphragm
4. permits the exchange of electrolytes during respiration
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Most of the aquatic arthropods respire through:
| 1. diffusion over entire body surface | 2. gills |
| 3. tracheae and tracheoles | 4. skin |
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The trachea divides into a right and a left primary bronchus at the level of:
| 1. 2nd thoracic vertebra | 2. 3rd thoracic vertebra |
| 3. 5th thoracic vertebra | 4. 12th thoracic vertebra |
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The alveoli are lined with:
1. Simple cuboidal epithelium
2. Pseudo-stratified columnar ciliated epithelium
3. Transitional epithelium
4. Simple squamous epithelium
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Branchial respiration is seen in all the following except:
| 1. Aquatic arthropods | 2. Fishes |
| 3. Amphibians like frog | 4. Aquatic mollusks |
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Incomplete cartilaginous rings are seen in the walls of all the following except:
| 1. Trachea | 2. Primary bronchus |
| 3. Tertiary bronchus | 4. Respiratory bronchiole |
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I: P is an incomplete cartilaginous ring seen only in trachea and principal bronchus.
II: Q is the point where the trachea divides into a right and left primary bronchus and corresponds to the level of 5th thoracic vertebra.
III: R shows the double-layered pleura where the outer pleural membrane is in close contact with the thoracic lining.
IV: S is pleural cavity with minimal amount of pleural fluid which reduces friction on the lung surface.
| 1. Only I, II and III | 2. Only I, III and IV |
| 3. Only II, III and IV | 4. I, II, III and IV |
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1. the larynx and is entirely made up of cartilage
2. the larynx and is entirely made up of bone
3. the muscular pharynx
4. the glottis where mucosal folds are present
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I: Lower invertebrates like sponges, coelenterates and flatworms exchange oxygen with carbon dioxide by simple diffusion over their entire body surface.
II: Fishes are the only vertebrates that do not use lungs as respiratory organs.
| 1. Only I is correct | 2. Only II is correct |
| 3. Both are correct | 4. Both are incorrect |
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