Q. No.Incomplete cartilaginous rings are seen in the walls of all the following except:
1. Trachea
2. Primary bronchus
3. Tertiary bronchus
4. Respiratory bronchiole
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It is necessary that lungs must be present in anatomically air-tight chamber because:
1. we cannot directly alter the pulmonary volume
2. our lungs are not made of any elastic tissue
3. the pleural cavity always has a positive pressure with respect to pulmonary pressure
4. the partial pressure of oxygen in atmosphere is less than that in the alveoli
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The respiratory diffusion membrane is made of all the following layers except:
| 1. Alveolar epithelium | 2. Basement layer |
| 3. Vascular endothelium | 4. Surfactant |
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The value of partial pressure of oxygen in alveolar air is:
1. less than that in oxygenated blood
2. more than that in atmospheric air
3. equal to that in oxygenated blood
4. more than that in tissues
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Which of the following is higher in value?
1. Amount of carbon dioxide delivered by 100 ml of blood at lungs than amount of oxygen delivered by 100 ml of blood at tissues
2. Amount of carbon dioxide transported by hemoglobin than amount of oxygen transported by hemoglobin
3. The diffusing capacity of carbon dioxide across the respiratory membrane than the diffusing capacity of oxygen across the respiratory membrane
4. Alveolar ventilation than the minute ventilation
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The conducting part of the human respiratory system is not involved in:
I. clearing inhaled air from foreign particles
II. humidifying the exhaled air
III. bringing the air to a temperature higher than body temperature
| 1. Only I | 2. Only II and III |
| 3. Only I and II | 4. I, II and III |
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The duration of inspiration can be reduced by:
| 1. | an increase of carbon dioxide in blood |
| 2. | a chemical signal from aortic and carotid bodies |
| 3. | a neural signal from pneumotaxic center |
| 4. | an increase in hydrogen ion concentration in CSF |
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The major mode of transport of carbon dioxide in human body is:
| 1. | in combination with hemoglobin |
| 2. | in dissolved state in plasma |
| 3. | as carboxyhemoglobin |
| 4. | as bicarbonate |
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The sum of expiratory reserve volume [ERV] and residual volume [RV] corresponds to:
| 1. Expiratory capacity | 2. Vital capacity |
| 3. Functional residual capacity | 4. Total lung capacity |
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The formation of oxy-hemoglobin at the alveoli is favored by all the following except:
| 1. High pO2 | 2. Low pCO2 |
| 3. Lower H+ ion concentration | 4. Higher temperature |
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