In the P-V diagram shown, the gas does 5 J of work in the isothermal process ab and 4 J in the adiabatic process bc. What will be the change in internal energy of the gas in the straight path from c to a? 

1. 9J 

2. 1 J

3. 4 J 

4. 5 J

ABCA is a cyclic process. Its P-V graph would be:

1.		2.
3.		4.

The degree of freedom per molecule for a gas on average is 8. If the gas performs 100 J of work when it expands under constant pressure, then the amount of heat absorbed by the gas is:
1. 500 J
2. 600 J
3. 20 J
4. 400 J

The pressure of a monoatomic gas increases linearly from $4\times {10}^5$ N/m² to $8\times {10}^5$ N/m² when its volume increases from 0.2 m³ to 0.5 m³. The work done by the gas is:

1. $2.8\times {10}^5 \mathrm{J}$

2. $1.8\times {10}^6 \mathrm{J}$

3. $1.8\times {10}^5 \mathrm{J}$

4. $1.8\times {10}^2 \mathrm{J}$

A Carnot engine whose sink is at \(300~\mathrm{K}\) has an efficiency of \(40\)%. By how much should the temperature of the source be increased to increase its efficiency by \(50\)% of its original efficiency?

A thermodynamic system undergoes a cyclic process \(ABCDA\) as shown in Fig. The work done by the system in the cycle is: 
             
1. \( P_0 V_0 \)
2. \( 2 P_0 V_0 \)
3. \( \frac{P_0 V_0}{2} \)
4. zero

The volume (\(V\)) of a monatomic gas varies with its temperature (\(T\)), as shown in the graph. The ratio of work done by the gas to the heat absorbed by it when it undergoes a change from state \(\mathrm{A}\) to state \(\mathrm{B}\) will be:
           

A sample of \(0.1\) g of water at \(100^{\circ}\mathrm{C}\)$$ and normal pressure (\(1.013 \times10^5\) N m^–2) requires \(54\) cal of heat energy to convert it into steam at \(100^{\circ}\mathrm{C}\)$$. If the volume of the steam produced is \(167.1\) cc, then the change in internal energy of the sample will be:
1. \(104.3\) J
2. \(208.7\) J
3. \(42.2\) J
4. \(84.5\) J

1 kg of gas does 20 kJ of work and receives 16 kJ of heat when it is expanded between two states. The second kind of expansion can be found between the same initial and final states, which requires a heat input of 9 kJ. The work done by the gas in the second expansion will be: