| Assertion (A): | Gymnosperms have vessels in their xylem. |
| Reason (R): | The presence of vessels in gymnosperms helps in the efficient transport of water and minerals. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
| Column I | Column II | ||
| A | Stomata | P | Supports the leaf blade and connects it to the stem |
| B | Xylem | Q | Involved in the transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves |
| C | Phloem | R | Involved in the transport of food from leaves to other parts of the plant |
| D | Petiole | S | Facilitates gas exchange and transpiration in plants |
| A | B | C | D | |
| 1. | S | Q | R | P |
| 2. | P | Q | R | s |
| 3. | P | R | Q | S |
| 4. | Q | P | S | R |
| 1. | Parallel venation and a single layer of palisade cells. |
| 2. | Differentiated upper and lower epidermis, with the upper epidermis being thicker. |
| 3. | Undifferentiated mesophyll and scattered vascular bundles. |
| 4. | Differentiated mesophyll into palisade and spongy tissues. |
| I: | Sclerenchymatous pericycle |
| II: | Casparian strips in endodermis are very common |
| III: | Collechymatous hypodermis |
| IV: | Conjoint open vascular bundles with exarch protoxylem |
| 1. | 4 | 2. | 3 |
| 3. | 2 | 4. | 1 |
| Column I | Column II | ||
| A. | Monocot stem | P. | Conjoint and closed vascular bundles |
| B. | Monocot root | Q. | Polyarch xylem, radial vascular bundles |
| C. | Dicot stem | R. | Conjoint and open vascular bundles |
| D. | Dicot root | S. | Two to four xylem and phloem patches |
| A | B | C | D | |
| 1. | P | Q | R | S |
| 2. | S | R | Q | P |
| 3. | P | Q | S | R |
| 4. | S | R | P | Q |
| Assertion (A): | Sclerenchyma provides mechanical support to organs and is usually dead and without protoplasts. |
| Reason (R): | Sclerenchyma consists of long, narrow cells with thick and lignified cell walls having a few or numerous pits. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| Statement I: | When xylem and phloem within a vascular bundle are arranged in an alternate manner along the different radii, the arrangement is called radial, such as in roots. |
| Statement II: | In conjoint type of vascular bundles, the xylem and phloem are jointly situated along the same radius of vascular bundles. |
| Assertion (A): | Phloem in angiosperms is composed of sieve tube elements, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibres. |
| Reason (R): | Gymnosperms have albuminous cells and sieve cells but lack sieve tubes and companion cells. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True, but (R) is False. |
| 4. | (A) is False, but (R) is True. |
| 1. | Monocot stem | 2. | Dicot stem |
| 3. | Monocot root | 4. | Dicot root |
| 1. | Xylem | 2. | Sclerenchyma |
| 3. | Collenchyma | 4. | Epidermis |