| Assertion (A): | The milk of Rosie, the first transgenic cow, was nutritionally a more balanced product for human babies than natural cow milk. | 
| Reason (R): | The milk of Rosie, the first transgenic cow, contained alpha-1-antitrypsin used to treat emphysema. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A) | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) does not correctly explain (A) | 
| 3. | (A) is True, (R) is False | 
| 4. | (A) is False, (R) is False | 
| 1. | Decrease their susceptibility to diseases for research purposes. | 
| 2. | Produce substances that are useful for medical applications. | 
| 3. | Decrease their growth rate to study developmental processes. | 
| 4. | Reproduce through asexual means, increasing population uniformity. | 
| Statement I: | RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process that regulates gene expression. | 
| Statement II: | RNAi takes place only in plants as a method of cellular defense. | 
| 1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct | 
| 2. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct | 
| 3. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect | 
| 4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect | 
| I: | contain ssRNA as their genetic material. | 
| II: | have the presence of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that transcribes RNA into DNA. | 
| Assertion (A): | RNA interference (RNAi) can be used to silence specific genes in an organism | 
| Reason (R): | RNAi involves the use of single-stranded RNA molecules that are complementary to the DNA sequences of the target gene. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (R) | 
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False | 
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True | 
| 1. | GMOs are always harmful to the environment. | 
| 2. | GMOs cannot be produced using recombinant DNA technology. | 
| 3. | GMOs have altered genetic material obtained from another species. | 
| 4. | GMOs are produced solely for economic benefits without any consideration for public health. | 
| I: | Gene therapy involves the introduction of a functional gene into the cells of an individual to treat genetic disorders. | 
| II: | RNA interference (RNAi) is a technique used to silence specific genes by degrading their structural genes located on template DNA. | 
| III: | Transgenic organisms are those that have been genetically modified to express desirable traits. |