| Assertion (A): | In angiosperms, the male gametophyte contains a single male gamete that unites with the egg to produce the seed. |
| Reason (R): | The embryosac in angiosperms has an egg apparatus that consists of only one egg cell. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True but the (R) does not correctly explain the (A). |
| 2. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are True and the (R) correctly explains the (A). |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| I: | Microspore mother cell is diploid and megaspore mother cell is haploid. |
| II: | Microsporogenesis involves meiosis and megasporogenesis involves mitosis. |

| Statement I: | The majority of flowering plants produce hermaphrodite flowers. |
| Statement II: | The majority of flowering plants have a well-developed gametophyte and poorly developed sporophyte. |
| 1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct |
| 2. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect |
| 3. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect |
| 4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct |
| Statement I: | Monoecy prevents autogamy but not geitonogamy. |
| Statement II: | Dioecy prevents both autogamy and geitonogamy. |
| 1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct |
| 2. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect |
| 3. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect |
| 4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct |
| I: | If the female parent bears bisexual flowers, removal of anthers from the flower bud before the anther dehisces using a pair of forceps is necessary. |
| II: | If the female parent produces unisexual flowers, there is no need for emasculation. |
| I: | Seed formation is more dependable. |
| II: | They have sufficient food reserves. |
| III: | They generate new genetic combinations leading to variations. |
| Assertion (A): | The innermost layer of the wall of microsporangium is critical for the pollen grains in angiosperms. |
| Reason (R): | Cells of this layer possess dense cytoplasm and generally have more than one nucleus. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True; (R) is False |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |
| Assertion (A): | In majority of the flowering plants, the method of embryo sac formation is called as monosporic development. |
| Reason (R): | In majority of the flowering plants, one of the megaspores is functional while the other three degenerate. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True; (R) is False |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |
| I: | is also called carrot grass. |
| II: | came to India as a contaminant with imported rice. |
| III: | has become invasive in India. |
| IV: | causes pollen allergy. |