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Q. No.Consider the two statements:
Statement I:
JGA is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the proximal convoluted tubule and the efferent arteriole at the location of their contact.
Statement II:
A fall in GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which can stimulate the glomerular blood flow and thereby the GFR back to normal.
1. Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect
2. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
77%
Level 2: 60%+
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | Tubular secretion helps in the maintenance of ionic and acid-base balance of body fluids. |
| Reason (R): | During urine formation, the tubular cells secrete substances like H+, K+ and ammonia into the filtrate. |
| 1. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
81%
Level 1: 80%+
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Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) is lined by:
1. simple cuboidal brush border epithelium
2. simple cuboidal ciliated epithelium
3. simple columnar brush border epithelium
4. simple columnar ciliated epithelium
1. simple cuboidal brush border epithelium
2. simple cuboidal ciliated epithelium
3. simple columnar brush border epithelium
4. simple columnar ciliated epithelium
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 |
91%
Level 1: 80%+
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The maximum amount of water from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in the nephron by:
1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
2. Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
3. Loop of Henle – ascending limb
4. Loop of Henle – descending limb
1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
2. Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
3. Loop of Henle – ascending limb
4. Loop of Henle – descending limb
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 |
83%
Level 1: 80%+
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The part of the nephron that plays a significant role in the maintenance of high osmolarity of medullary interstitial fluid is:
1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
2. Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
3. Loop of Henle – ascending limb
4. Loop of Henle – descending limb
1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
2. Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
3. Loop of Henle – ascending limb
4. Loop of Henle – descending limb
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 |
62%
Level 2: 60%+
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A counter-current exists in the human kidneys between:
1. Only III is correct
2. Only I and II are correct
3. Only II and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct
| I: | the two limbs of Henle’s loop. |
| II: | the two limbs of vasa recta. |
| III: | the Henle’s loop and vasa recta. |
1. Only III is correct
2. Only I and II are correct
3. Only II and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine |
62%
Level 2: 60%+
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Consider the given two statements regarding the mechanism of increasing medullary interstitium osmolarity when kidney is trying to produce concentrated urine:
| Statement I: | NaCl is transported by the ascending limb of Henle’s loop which is exchanged with the descending limb of vasa recta. |
| Statement II: | NaCl is returned to the interstitium by the ascending portion of vasa recta. |
| 1. | Statement I is correct: Statement II is incorrect |
| 2. | Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is correct |
| 3. | Statement I is correct: Statement II is correct |
| 4. | Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is incorrect |
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine |
81%
Level 1: 80%+
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The human kidneys can produce urine concentrated nearly:
1. two times than the initial filtrate formed.
2. four times than the initial filtrate formed.
3. six times than the initial filtrate formed.
4. eight times than the initial filtrate formed.
1. two times than the initial filtrate formed.
2. four times than the initial filtrate formed.
3. six times than the initial filtrate formed.
4. eight times than the initial filtrate formed.
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine |
94%
Level 1: 80%+
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During concentration of urine by human kidneys small amounts of urea enter the thin segment of the ascending limb of Henle’s loop which is transported back to the interstitium by the:
1. collecting tubule.
2. proximal convoluted tubule.
3. descending limb of loop of Henle.
4. descending limb of vasa recta.
1. collecting tubule.
2. proximal convoluted tubule.
3. descending limb of loop of Henle.
4. descending limb of vasa recta.
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 | Concentration of Urine |
72%
Level 2: 60%+
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The main function of aldosterone in Renin-Angiotensin mechanism is:
| 1. | It converts angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin I. |
| 2. | It is a powerful vasodilator. |
| 3. | It causes reabsorption of Na+ and water from the distal parts of the tubule. |
| 4. | It activate the JG cells to release rennin. |
Subtopic: Autoregulation of GFR |
79%
Level 2: 60%+
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