| 1. | 23 % | 2. | 27 % |
| 3. | 46 % | 4. | 54 % |
| 1. | the total number of genes are about 60000 |
| 2. | less than 2 percent of genome does not code for proteins |
| 3. | repeated sequences are rarely found |
| 4. | SNPa occur at about 1.4 million locations |
| mRNA codon | Amino acid | |
| 1. | AUG | Methionine |
| 2. | GGG | Glycine |
| 3. | UGA | Tryptophan |
| 4. | UAG | None; it is a stop codon |
| 1. | Transcription and translation can be coupled in prokaryotes |
| 2. | DNA is a better genetic material than RNA |
| 3. | It is the presence of structural gene in a transcription unit that defines the template and coding strands |
| 4. | RNA polymerase III is responsible for transcription of tRNA, 5srRNA and snRNAs |
| 1. | triplet, degenerate, nearly universal and read in a contiguous fashion |
| 2. | triplet, degenerate, nearly universal and read in an overlapping fashion |
| 3. | doublet, degenerate, nearly universal and read in a contiguous fashion |
| 4. | triplet, ambiguous, totally universal and read in a contiguous fashion |
| I: | Griffith discovered the process of bacterial transformation. |
| II: | Hershey and Chase unequivocally proved that DNA is the genetic material. |
| III: | Meselson and Stahl showed that DNA replicated semi-conservatively. |
| 1. | Only I and II are correct |
| 2. | Only I and III are correct |
| 3. | Only II and III are correct |
| 4. | I, II and III are correct |
| 1. | an inducible operon with a positive regulation by the repressor protein |
| 2. | an inducible operon with a negative regulation by the repressor protein |
| 3. | a repressible operon with a positive regulation by the repressor protein |
| 4. | a repressible operon with a negative regulation by the repressor protein |
| 1. | Less than 2 percent of the genome codes for proteins |
| 2. | Chromosome 1 has most genes [2968] and the Y has the fewest [231] |
| 3. | The function of almost all the discovered genes is known |
| 4. | Repeated sequences make up a very large portion of human genome |
| (a) | Euchromatin is loosely packed chromatin. |
| (b) | Heterochromatin is transcriptionally active. |
| (c) | Histone octomer is wrapped by negatively charged DNA in nucleosome. |
| (d) | Histones are rich in lysine and arginine. |
| (e) | A typical nucleosome contains 400 bp of DNA helix. |
| 1. | (a), (c), (e) only | 2. | (b), (d), (e) only |
| 3. | (a), (c), (d) only | 4. | (b), (e) only |
The process of translation of mRNA to proteins begins as soon as:
| 1. | The tRNA is activated and the larger subunit of ribosome encounters mRNA |
| 2. | The smaller subunit of ribosome encounters mRNA |
| 3. | The larger subunit of ribosome encounters mRNA |
| 4. | Both the subunits join together to bind with mRNA |