Which of the following statements is not correct?
| 1. | Pyramid of energy is always upright. |
| 2. | Pyramid of numbers in a grassland ecosystem is upright. |
| 3. | Pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted. |
| 4. | Pyramid of biomass in sea is generally upright. |
In the equation GPP – R = NPP, R represents:
1. Environment factor
2. Respiration losses
3. Radiant energy
4. Retardation factor
Which of the following representations shows the pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystem?
| 1. | A | 2. | B |
| 3. | C | 4. | D |
Identify the likely organisms (a), (b), (c), and (d) in the food web shown below:
|
(a) |
(b) |
(c) |
(d) |
|
|
1. |
Dog |
Squirrel |
Bat |
Deer |
|
2. |
Rat |
Dog |
Tortoise |
Crow |
|
3. |
Squirrel |
Cat |
Rat |
Pigeon |
|
4. |
Deer |
Rabbit |
Frog |
Rat |
The rate of decomposition is faster in the ecosystem due to the following factors, except:
| 1. | Detritus rich in sugars |
| 2. | Warm and moist environment |
| 3. | Presence of aerobic soil microbes |
| 4. | Detritus richer in lignin and chitin |
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the phosphorus cycle?
| 1. | Phosphates are the major form of phosphorus reservoir. |
| 2. | Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria facilitate the release of phosphorus from organic remains. |
| 3. | There is an appreciable respiratory release of phosphorus into the atmosphere. |
| 4. | It is a sedimentary cycle. |
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
| 1. | Biomass decreases from first to fourth trophic level. |
| 2. | Energy content gradually increases from first to fourth trophic level. |
| 3. | Number of individuals decreases from first trophic level to fourth trophic level. |
| 4. | Energy content gradually decreases from first to fourth trophic level. |
| 1. | Much larger amount of energy flows through the ecosystem than the amount of nutrients |
| 2. | Energy is recycled, but nutrients are not |
| 3. | The requirement of nutrients is obligatory for organisms but the requirement of energy is not. |
| 4. | Nutrients are recycled, but energy is not. |
| 1. | It occurs only through the process of photosynthesis. |
| 2. | Almost all life on Earth relies directly or indirectly on primary production. |
| 3. | Net primary production is available for consumption by herbivores. |
| 4. | Gross primary productivity minus the respiratory loss is the net primary productivity. |