Q. No.The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70 - 80%) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?
1. Proximal convoluted tubule
2. Descending limb of loop of Henle
3. Ascending limb of loop of Henle
4. Distal convoluted tubule
1. Proximal convoluted tubule
2. Descending limb of loop of Henle
3. Ascending limb of loop of Henle
4. Distal convoluted tubule
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Which one of the following option gives the correct categorization of six animals according to the type of nitrogenous wastes (A, B, C), they give out ?
|
A |
B |
C |
|
|
Ammonotelic |
Ureotelic |
Uricotelic |
|
|
1. |
Aquatic Amphibia |
Frogs, Humans |
Pigeon, Lizards, Cockroach |
|
2. |
Aquatic Amphibia |
Cockroach, Humans |
Frog, Pigeon, Lizards |
|
3. |
Pigeon, Humans |
Aquatic Amphibia, Lizards |
Cockroach, Frog |
|
4. |
Frog, Lizards |
Aquatic Amphibia, Humans |
Cockroach, Pigeon |
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A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates
1. Adrenal medulla to release adrenaline
2. Posterior pituitary to release vasopressin
3. Juxta glomerular cells to release renin
4. Adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
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Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted tubule?
1. Increase in aldosterone levels.
2. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels.
3. Decrease in aldosterone levels.
4. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels.
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Which of the following does not favor the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?
| 1. Alcohol | 2. Caffeine |
| 3. Renin | 4. Atrial-natriuretic factor |
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Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in
1. More dilute urine
2. More concentrated urine
3. No change in quality and quantity of urine
4. No urine formation
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Human urine is usually acidic because
| 1. | hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate. |
| 2. | the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries. |
| 3. | excreted plasma proteins are acidic. |
| 4. | Potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity. |
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In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry the largest amount of urea?
1. Renal vein
2. Dorsal aorta
3. Hepatic vein
4. Hepatic portal vein
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (a) | Glycosuria | (i) | Accumulation of uric acid in joints |
| (b) | Gout | (ii) | Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney |
| (c) | Renal calculi | (iii) | Inflammation in glomeruli |
| (d) | Glomerulonephritis | (iv) | Presence of glucose in urine |
Codes:
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| 1. | (ii) | (iii) | (i) | (iv) |
| 2. | (i) | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) |
| 3. | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) | (i) |
| 4. | (iv) | (i) | (ii) | (iii) |
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Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option below:
|
Column I (Function) |
Column II (Part of Excretory system) |
||
|
(a) |
Ultrafiltration |
(i) |
Henle’s loop |
|
(b) |
Concentration of urine |
(ii) |
Ureter |
|
(c) |
Transport of urine |
(iii) |
Urinary bladder |
|
(d) |
Storage of urine |
(iv) |
Malpighian corpuscle |
|
(v) |
Proximal convoluted tubule |
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1. (v) (iv) (i) (ii)
2. (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
3. (iv) (v) (ii) (iii)
4. (v) (iv) (i) (iii)
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