Q. No.Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted tubule?
1. Increase in aldosterone levels.
2. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels.
3. Decrease in aldosterone levels.
4. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels.
1. Increase in aldosterone levels.
2. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels.
3. Decrease in aldosterone levels.
4. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels.
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Which of the following does not favor the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?
| 1. Alcohol | 2. Caffeine |
| 3. Renin | 4. Atrial-natriuretic factor |
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Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in
1. More dilute urine
2. More concentrated urine
3. No change in quality and quantity of urine
4. No urine formation
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Human urine is usually acidic because
| 1. | hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate. |
| 2. | the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries. |
| 3. | excreted plasma proteins are acidic. |
| 4. | Potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity. |
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In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry the largest amount of urea?
1. Renal vein
2. Dorsal aorta
3. Hepatic vein
4. Hepatic portal vein
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (a) | Glycosuria | (i) | Accumulation of uric acid in joints |
| (b) | Gout | (ii) | Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney |
| (c) | Renal calculi | (iii) | Inflammation in glomeruli |
| (d) | Glomerulonephritis | (iv) | Presence of glucose in urine |
Codes:
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| 1. | (ii) | (iii) | (i) | (iv) |
| 2. | (i) | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) |
| 3. | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) | (i) |
| 4. | (iv) | (i) | (ii) | (iii) |
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Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option below:
|
Column I (Function) |
Column II (Part of Excretory system) |
||
|
(a) |
Ultrafiltration |
(i) |
Henle’s loop |
|
(b) |
Concentration of urine |
(ii) |
Ureter |
|
(c) |
Transport of urine |
(iii) |
Urinary bladder |
|
(d) |
Storage of urine |
(iv) |
Malpighian corpuscle |
|
(v) |
Proximal convoluted tubule |
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1. (v) (iv) (i) (ii)
2. (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
3. (iv) (v) (ii) (iii)
4. (v) (iv) (i) (iii)
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As the filtrate passes upward in the ascending limb of loop of Henle:
| 1. | it gets diluted due to the reabsorption of water from medullary interstitium |
| 2. | it gets diluted due to the passage of electrolytes to medullary interstitium |
| 3. | it gets concentrated due to the reabsorption of electrolytes from medullary interstitium |
| 4. | it gets concentrated due to the passage of water to medullary interstitium |
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In majority of the nephrons, the loop of Henle:
1. is absent
2. extends only a little into the medulla
3. extends deep into the medulla
4. is associated with a highly developed vasa recta
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Aderenal cortex releases aldosterone when activated by:
1. ADH
2. Low potassium concentration in ECF
3. Angiotensin II
4. Renin
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