Pteridophytes includes the ornamental plants like ferns. The main plant is sporophyte which is differentiated into true root, stem and leaves. They possess well-differentiated vascular tissues.. The sporophytes bear sporangia which produce spores. These spores germinate to form gametophytes. Then gametophytes bear male and female sex organs which later forms respective gametes and then the zygote produces sporophyte and in this way the cycle is repeated.

Pteridophytes or Pteridophyta, in the broad interpretation of the term (or sensu lato), are vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce and disperse via spores. Because they produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are referred to as cryptogams.