In transgenics, the expression of transgene in the target tissue is known by
1. Enhancer
2. Transgene
3. Promoter
4. Reporter

‘Competence’ can be induced in a bacterium by treating them with:
1. Polyethylene glycol
2. A specific divalent cation
3. Colchicine
4. Alkaline phosphatase

Two microbes found to be very useful in gene engineering are 
1. Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
2. Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage.
3. Diplococcus sp. And Pseudomonas sp.
4. Crown gall bacterium and Caenorphaditiselegans.