Q. No.Before releasing new cultivars in plant breeding programs, their testing includes all the following except:
1.
growing these in the research fields and recording their performance under ideal fertiliser application, irrigation, and other crop management practices.
2.
testing the materials in farmers’ fields, for one growing season at selected locations in the country
3.
comparison to the best available local crop cultivar – a check or reference cultivar
4.
taking care of all patent and legal issues
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The Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, has released several vegetable crops that are rich in vitamins and minerals. Identify the incorrectly matched:
| 1. | vitamin A enriched: carrots, spinach, pumpkin; |
| 2. | vitamin C enriched: bitter gourd, bathua, mustard, tomato; |
| 3. | iron and calcium enriched: spinach and bathua; |
| 4. | Omega fatty acids enriched: beans - broad, lablab, French and garden peas. |
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Hisardale is a new breed of:
| 1. | Sheep developed by crossing Bikaneri ewes and Marino rams. |
| 2. | Sheep developed by crossing Bikaneri rams and Marino ewes. |
| 3. | Goat developed by crossing Bikaneri ewes and Marino rams. |
| 4. | Goat developed by crossing Bikaneri rams and Marino ewes. |
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Arrange the following steps of a plant breeding program in a correct chronological manner:
| I. | Selection and testing of superior recombinants |
| II. | Collection of variability |
| III. | Cross hybridisation among the selected parents |
| IV. | Evaluation and selection of parents |
| V. | Testing, release, and commercialisation of new cultivars |
| 1. | II, IV, I, III, V | 2. | IV, I, II, III, V |
| 3. | II, IV, III, I, V | 4. | IV, III, II, I, V |
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Conventional breeding is often constrained by the availability of a limited number of disease-resistance genes that are present and identified in various crop varieties or wild relatives. This is most commonly overcome by:
| 1. | Inducing mutations | 2. | Somaclonal variations |
| 3. | Genetic engineering | 4. | Plant introduction |
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The algae Spirulina, Chlorella and the microbe Methylophilus methylotrophus can be used as a source of:
| 1. | Vitamin A and C | 2. | Minerals like calcium |
| 3. | Single Cell Protein | 4. | Omega 3 fatty acids |
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Which one of the following combinations would a sugarcane farmer look for in the sugarcane crop?
| 1. | Thick stem, long internodes, high sugar content, and disease resistant |
| 2. | Thick stem, high sugar content, and profuse flowering |
| 3. | Thick stem, short internodes, high sugar content, disease resistant |
| 4. | Thick stem, low sugar content, disease resistant |
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Consider the following two statements:
| I: | An effective germplasm collection is the prerequisite of any successful plant breeding programme. |
| II: | Genetic variability is the root of any breeding programme. |
1. Both I and II are true and II explains I.
2. Both I and II are true but II does not explain I.
3. I is true but II is false.
4. I is false but II is true.
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Amongst the following, the number of freshwater fishes are:
Catla, Rohu, Common carp, Hilsa, Sardines, Mackerel, Pomfrets.
| 1. | 2 | 2. | 3 |
| 3. | 4 | 4. | 5 |
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Regarding out-breeding, the number of correct statements is:
| I. | Out-crossing is the practice of mating of animals within the same breed, but having no common ancestors on either side of their pedigree up to 4-6 generations. |
| II. | Out-crossing is the best breeding method for animals that are below average in productivity in milk production, growth rate in beef cattle, etc. |
| III. | A single outcross often helps to overcome inbreeding depression. |
| IV. | In cross-breeding superior males of one breed are mated with superior females of another breed. |
| V. | Cross-breeding allows the desirable qualities of two different breeds to be combined. |
| 1. | 2 | 2. | 3 |
| 3. | 4 | 4. | 5 |
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