Q. No.Plants do not have cancers as:
1.
they do not have circulation
2.
they have highly developed immunity against them
3.
the plant cells have cell walls
4.
they already have meristems at their tips
All of the following are true regarding inflammation except:
| 1. | The same sequence of events occurs in response to any injury, whether it be a burn, an infection, or trauma. |
| 2. | The signs of inflammation are pain, redness, swelling, heat, and possibly loss of function. |
| 3. | Cytokines, histamine, complement, and other chemical mediators are released. |
| 4. | Monocytes are the first cells to arrive from the bloodstream at the site of inflammation. |
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Opsonization :
| 1. | is the killing of target cells by cytotoxic T cells. |
| 2. | is the secretory component of IgA. |
| 3. | helps increase phagocytosis. |
| 4. | is the interaction that allows IgG to cross the placenta. |
The epitope is the part of the :
| 1. | antibody that binds to the antigen. |
| 2. | antibody that binds to the T helper cell. |
| 3. | antigen that is bound by the antibody. |
| 4. | hypervariable region of the antibody. |
The antigen-binding sites of an antibody molecule are formed from the molecule's variable regions. Why are these regions described as variable?
| 1. | They can change their shapes to fit different antigens. |
| 2. | They change their shapes when they bind to an antigen. |
| 3. | Their specific shapes are unimportant. |
| 4. | The amino acid sequences of these regions vary widely among antibodies from different B cells. |
Which of the following is not a documented effect of alcoholism?
| 1. | intrauterine growth retardation in the fetus if the pregnant female consumes alcohol. |
| 2. | cirrhosis of the liver secondary to fatty deposition in the liver. |
| 3. | an increase in the secretion of ADH by the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus. |
| 4. | gastritis and pancreatitis. |
An infant can get passive immunity from:
| 1. | infection | 2. | colostrum |
| 3. | anti-Rh Ig | 4. | vaccination with live vaccines |
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Consider the following statements:
| I: | Plasmodium falciparum causes malignant tertian malaria. |
| II: | Release of hemosiderin from burst RBCs is responsible for paroxysms of malarial attacks. |
| III: | Sporozoites are the infectious forms of Plasmodium. |
Which of the above statements are true?
| 1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
| 3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II, and III |
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Consider the following statements:
| I: | Cancer is essentially a genetic disease caused by multiple mutational events. |
| II: | Cancerous cells are rapidly dividing cells that exhibit contact inhibition. |
| III: | Metstatsis is the most feared complication of any cancer. |
Which of the above statements are true?
| 1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
| 3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II, and III |
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Consider the following statements:
| I: | HIV is a retrovirus. |
| II: | It infects and destroys the CD4 T-lymphocytes. |
| III: | The newer antiretroviral drugs are a cure for HIV infection. |
Which of the above statements are true?
| 1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
| 3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II, and III |
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