Q. No.Given below is the diagrammatic representation of Miller’s experiment where ‘X’ represents the gases used in the experiment. Identify the correct combination of the gases used by Miller in his experiment from the options given:
1. Methane, Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, and Hydrogen
2. Methane, Ammonia, Water vapour, and Hydrogen
3. Hydrogen cyanide, Carbon dioxide, Ammonia, and Hydrogen
4. Hydrogen sulphide, Ammonia, Oxygen, and Hydrogen
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Statement I: ‘A’ denotes ‘crocodilians’ that have a four chambered heart and endothermy similar to the birds and the mammals.
Statement II: ‘B’ denotes ‘Archaeopteryx’, a connecting link between reptiles and birds and has been found as a complete specimen preserved as fossil.
1. Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect
2. Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect
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I: represent homology
II: are results of convergent evolution
| 1. | Only I is correct | 2. | Only II is correct |
| 3. | Both I and II are correct | 4. | Both I and II are incorrect |
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| Statement I: | They evolved in a similar environment, rather than inherited from a recent common ancestor. |
| Statement II: | They have a common descent and have evolved from a shared ancestor. |
| 1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect |
| 2. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct |
| 3. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct |
| 4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect |
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I: In (a) the frequency of dark melanic form is expected to be much higher than the white-winged moth due to its protective resemblance with the environment supporting luxuriant growth of lichens on tree trunks.
II: In (b) the frequency of white-winged moth is expected to be higher than the dark melanic form because the allele for white colour arises by a recurring mutation in the dark melanic form.
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
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I: Darwin's finches are an excellent example of adaptive radiation.
II: All the varieties, Darwin conjectured, evolved on the island itself.
III: From the original seed-eating features, many other forms with altered beaks arose, enabling them to become insectivorous and vegetarian finches.
| 1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only I and III |
| 3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
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I: It is the process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and literally radiating to other areas of geography (habitats).
II: When more than one adaptive radiation appeared to have occurred in an isolated geographical area (representing different habitats), one can call this divergent evolution.
| 1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
| 3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
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| A | B | C | D | |
| 1. | Numbat | Spotted Cuscus | Bobcat | Flying Squirrel |
| 2. | Spotted Cuscus | Numbat | Flying Squirrel | Bobcat |
| 3. | Numbat | Spotted Cuscus | Flying Squirrel | Bobcat |
| 4. | Spotted Cuscus | Numbat | Bobcat | Flying Squirrel |
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| A | B | C | |
| 1. | Stabilising | Directional | Disruptive |
| 2. | Directional | Stabilising | Disruptive |
| 3. | Disruptive | Directional | Stabilising |
| 4. | Stabilising | Disruptive | Directional |
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| A | B | C | D | E | |
| 1. | Green algae | Cycads | Dicotyledons | Psilophyton | Rhynia type plants |
| 2. | Red algae | Ginkgos | Dicotyledons | Pines | Chlorophyte ancestors |
| 3. | Bryophytes | Ginkgos | Pines | Psilophyton | Tracheophyte ancestors |
| 4. | Bryophytes | Ginkgos | Dicotyledons | Psilophyton | Tracheophyte ancestors |
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