Q. No.| Assertion (A): | Human Genome Project was closely associated with the rapid development of a new area in biology called Bioinformatics. |
| Reason (R): | One of the greatest impacts of having the Human Genome sequence may well be enabling a radically new approach to biological research. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| 4. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
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| Assertion (A): | Learning about non-human organisms DNA sequences is not important for human beings. |
| Reason (R): | The Genetic code is not universal. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 4. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
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| 1. | Identify all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA and determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA. |
| 2. | Store the information in databases, improve tools for data analysis, and transfer related technologies to other sectors, such as industries. |
| 3. | Address the ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) that may arise from the project. |
| 4. | Develop technology to enable the introduction of genes into humans to manipulate their phenotypes and allow humans to demand a tailor-made gene composition for themselves. |
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| 1. | The Human Genome Project was a 13-year project coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institute of Health. |
| 2. | Many non-human model organisms, such as bacteria, yeast, Caenorhabditis Elegans (a free-living non-pathogenic nematode), Drosophila (the fruit fly), plants (rice and Arabidopsis), etc., have also been sequenced. |
| 3. | The sequence of chromosome 1 was completed only in May 2016 (this was the last of the 24 human chromosomes – 22 autosomes and X and Y – to be sequenced). |
| 4. | The fragments were sequenced using automated DNA sequencers that worked on the principle of a method developed by Frederick Sanger. |
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| A: | Expressed Sequence Tags | Fragments of mRNA sequences derived through single sequencing reactions performed on randomly selected clones from cDNA libraries. |
| B: | Sequence Annotations | The process of marking specific features in a DNA, RNA, or protein sequence with descriptive information about structure or function. |
| 1. | Only A | 2. | Only B |
| 3. | Both A and B | 4. | Neither A nor B |
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The last of 24 human chromosomes to be sequenced was:
1. Chromosome 1 and completed in 2003
2. Chromosome 1 and completed in 2006
3. Chromosome X and completed in 2003
4. Chromosome X and completed in 2006
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A major advantage of using YAC as a cloning vector over the plasmids is that :
1. it can replicate independently
2. it can be selected easily
3. it can accommodate larger inserts
4. it has multiple cloning sites
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Which of the following is not a feature of the human genome?
| 1. | The human genome contains 3164.7 million nucleotide bases. |
| 2. | The largest human gene of dystrophin has about 2.4 million bases. |
| 3. | The total number of genes in the human genome is much higher than the previous estimates. |
| 4. | Less than 2 % of the genome codes for proteins. |
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The salient features of the human genome include all of the following except:
| 1. | The functions are unknown for over 50 % of the discovered genes. |
| 2. | More than 2 % of the genome codes for proteins. |
| 3. | Chromosome 1 has the most genes. |
| 4. | Repeated sequences make up a very large portion of the human genome. |
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In the human genome, the chromosomes with the most and the fewest genes located on them respectively are:
| 1. | 1 and Y | 2. | X and Y |
| 3. | 21 and X | 4. | 11 and Y |
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