1. | 0 | 2. | 2 |
3. | 3 | 4. | 4 |
I: | The Hill reaction involves the reduction of NADP+ to NADPH. |
II: | Photorespiration occurs in the chloroplast, peroxisome, and mitochondria. |
III: | CAM plants store CO2 in the form of malate during the night. |
IV: | The main purpose of photorespiration is to release CO2 for the Calvin cycle. |
V: | PEP carboxylase is the primary enzyme for CO2 fixation in C4 plants. |
Statement I: | High temperatures can lead to increased rates of photorespiration in C3 plants. |
Statement II: | Photorespiration occurs because the enzyme RuBisCO has a higher affinity for CO2 than O2. |
1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct |
2. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect |
3. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct |
4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect |
I: | C3 plants use the Calvin cycle to fix carbon dioxide directly into a three-carbon compound, 3-phosphoglycerate. |
II: | C4 plants conduct their light-dependent reactions and Calvin cycle in the same cell type. |
III: | Photosystem I primarily functions to generate ATP, while Photosystem II primarily functions to generate NADPH. |
IV: | C4 plants separate carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle into two different types of cells to reduce photorespiration. |
V: | Light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes and involve the absorption of light to produce ATP and NADPH. |
VI: | In C3 plants, photorespiration is promoted by high concentrations of oxygen, especially under high light intensity and temperature conditions. |
A: | C3 |
B: | C4 |
Assertion (A): | ATP synthesis in chloroplasts depends on a proton gradient. |
Reason (R): | Protons build up in the space between the outer and inner chloroplast membrane during the light-dependent reactions. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
1. | C3 plants show a higher rate of photosynthesis than C4 plants at low CO2 concentration |
2. | C3 plants show a higher rate of photosynthesis than C4 plants at high CO2 concentration |
3. | C3 plants' photosynthesis rate decreases at higher CO2 concentrations, unlike C4 plants |
4. | C4 plants are more efficient in photosynthesis at lower CO2 concentrations |
Assertion (A): | Chemiosmosis in chloroplasts is crucial for ATP synthesis. |
Reason (R): | The movement of protons across the thylakoid membrane from the stroma into the thylakoid lumen drives ATP synthesis |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (R) |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
Statement I: | The action spectrum of photosynthesis overlaps completely with the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a. |
Statement II: | Accessory pigments like chlorophyll b, xanthophylls, and carotenoids widen the range of light wavelengths that can be utilized for photosynthesis. |
1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct |
2. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect |
3. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct |
4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect |