During osmosis, the flow of water through a semi-permeable membrane is:

1.	From a solution having higher concentration only.
2.	From both sides of the semi-permeable membrane with equal flow rates.
3.	From both sides of the semi-permeable membrane with unequal flow rates.
4.	From a solution having lower concentration only.

For an ideal solution, the correct option is -

1. ${∆}_{\mathrm{mix}}$ $\mathrm{G}=0$ at constant T and P

2. ${∆}_{\mathrm{mix}}$ $\mathrm{S}=0$ at constant T and P

3. ${∆}_{\mathrm{mix}}$ $\mathrm{V}\ne 0$ at constant T and P

4. ${∆}_{\mathrm{mix}}$ $\mathrm{H}=0$ at constant T and P

The mixture among the following that forms maximum boiling azeotrope is:

1. Heptane + Octane
2. Water + Nitric acid
3. Ethanol + Water
4. Acetone + Carbon disulphide

A solution of acetone in ethanol:

1. Shows a negative deviation from Raoult's law

2. Shows a positive deviation from Raoult's law

3. Behaves like a near-ideal solution

4. Obeys Raoult's law

1.00 g of non-electrolyte solute (molar mass 250 g mol^-1) was dissolved in 51.2 g of benzene. If the freezing point depression constant, K_f of benzene is 5.12 mol^-1 kg K, the freezing point of benzene will be lowered by:

1. 0.4 K

2. 0.3 K

3. 0.5 K

4. 0.2 K

A solution containing 10 g/dm³ of urea (molecular mass = 60 g mol^-1) is isotonic with a 5 % solution of a non-volatile solute. The molecular mass of this non-volatile solute is:

0.5 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid (HX) is 20 % ionised. The lowering in the freezing point of the solution will be:
[K_f for water = 1.86 K kg mol^-1]

1. -1.12 K

2. 0.56 K

3. 1.12 K

4. -0.56 K

A 0.0020 m aqueous solution of an ionic compound Co(NH₃)₅(NO₂)Cl freezes at -0.0073 ^oC. The number of moles of ions that 1 mol of ionic compound produces on being dissolved in water will be:
(K_f = -1.86 ^oC/m)

A solution of sucrose (molar mass = 342 g mol^–1) has been prepared by dissolving 68.5 g of sucrose in 1000 g of water. The freezing point of the solution obtained will be: 
(k_f for water = 1.86 K kg mol^–1)
1. –0.372 ^oC
2. –0.520 ^oC
3. +0.372 ^oC
4. –0.570 ^oC

An aqueous solution is 1.00 molal in KI. The vapour pressure of the solution can be increased by:

1. Addition of NaCl

2. Addition of Na₂SO₄

3. Addition of 1.00 molal Kl

4. Addition of water