Sucrose on hydrolysis gives:

1. $\mathrm{\alpha }$-D-Glucose + $\mathrm{\beta }$-D-Glucose

2. $\mathrm{\alpha }$-D-Glucose + $\mathrm{\beta }$-D-Fructose

3. $\mathrm{\alpha }$-D-Fructose + $\mathrm{\beta }$-D-Fructose

4. $\mathrm{\beta }$-D-Glucose + $\mathrm{\alpha }$-D-Fructose

The reaction of concentrated sulphuric acid with carbohydrates (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) is an example of: