| I: | \(Rr \times Rr\) | II: | \(Rr \times rr\) | 
| III: | \(RR \times rr\) | IV: | \(Rr \times RR\) | 
Genetics, an important branch of biology, is best defined as:
| 1. | The study of the transmission of traits from parent to offspring. | 
| 2. | The study of genes and traits defined by genes. | 
| 3. | The study of DNA. | 
| 4. | The study of variation between members of a species. | 
| Assertion (A): | In a dissimilar situation, the chance of a gamete receiving the dominant allele of a given gene is much higher than receiving the recessive allele. | 
| Reason (R): | Recessive alleles are always present in less number than a dominant allele in the gene pool. | 
| 1. | (A) is True but (R) is False | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) | 
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) | 
| 4. | (A) is False and (R) is also False | 
| I: | Gregor Mendel, conducted hybridisation experiments on garden peas for seven years (1856-1863) and proposed the laws of inheritance in living organisms. | 
| II: | During Mendel’s investigations into inheritance patterns it was for the first time that statistical analysis and mathematical logic were applied to problems in biology. | 
| III: | His experiments had a large sampling size, which gave greater credibility to the data that he collected. | 
| IV: | Mendel investigated characters in the garden pea plant that were manifested as two opposing traits. | 
| 1. | 25 | 2. | 50 | 
| 3. | 75 | 4. | 100 | 
| 1. | quantitative trait | 2. | Mendelian trait | 
| 3. | polygenic trait | 4. | maternal trait | 
The number of types of gametes produced by a plant with the genotype AaBbCCDd will be:
| 1. | 2 | 2. | 4 | 
| 3. | 8 | 4. | 16 | 
| Assertion (A): | The sickle cell anaemia allele is common in certain African populations. | 
| Reason (R): | It provides a survival advantage against malaria. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). | 
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. | 
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |