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Q. No.Subtopic: Â Nucleus |
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Of the radiations/particle beams mentioned below, which one causes maximum ionisation when passing through matter?
1. neutron beam
2. \(\beta\)-rays
3. \(\gamma \)-rays
4. infra-red light
1. neutron beam
2. \(\beta\)-rays
3. \(\gamma \)-rays
4. infra-red light
Subtopic: Â Types of Decay |
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Given below are two statements:
| Assertion (A): | Binding energy per nucleon for nuclei (atomic number \(30\) to \(107\)) is independent of atomic number. |
| Reason (R): | Nuclear force is short-range force. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
Subtopic: Â Nuclear Binding Energy |
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Tritium is an isotope of hydrogen whose nucleus triton contains \(2\) neutrons and \(1\) proton. Free neutrons decay into\(p+e^{-1}+\nu^{-1}.\) If one of the neutrons in Triton decays, it would transform into \(\mathrm{He}^{3}\) nucleus. This does not happen. This is because:
| 1. | triton energy is less than that of a \(\mathrm{He}^{3}\) nucleus. |
| 2. | the electron created in the beta decay process cannot remain in the nucleus. |
| 3. | both the neutrons in Triton have to decay simultaneously resulting in a nucleus with \(3\) protons, which is not a \(\mathrm{He}^{3}.\) nucleus. |
| 4. | free neutrons decay due to external perturbations which is absent in the Triton nucleus. |
Subtopic: Â Types of Decay |
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Fusion processes, like combining two deuterons to form a \({He}\)-nucleus are impossible at ordinary temperatures and pressure. The reasons for this can be traced to the fact:
Choose the correct option:
| (a) | nuclear forces have short-range. |
| (b) | nuclei are positively charged. |
| (c) | the original nuclei must be completely ionized before fusion can take place. |
| (d) | the original nuclei must first break up before combining with each other. |
Choose the correct option:
| 1. | (a) and (c) | 2. | (a) and (d) |
| 3. | (b) and (d) | 4. | (a) and (b) |
Subtopic: Â Nuclear Energy |
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Which, of the following particles, is least absorbed by matter (i.e., interacts least) as it passes through?
1. \(\alpha\)-rays
2. \(\beta\)-rays
3. \(\gamma\)-rays
4. neutrinos
1. \(\alpha\)-rays
2. \(\beta\)-rays
3. \(\gamma\)-rays
4. neutrinos
Subtopic: Â Types of Decay |
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Given the following particle masses:
\(m_p=1.0072~\text{u}\) (proton)
\(m_n=1.0087~\text{u}\) (neutron)
\(m_e=0.000548~\text{u}\) (electron)
\(m_\nu=0~\text{u}\) (antineutrino)
\(m_d=2.0141~\text{u}\) (deuteron)
Which of the following processes is allowed, considering the conservation of energy and momentum?
| 1. | \(n+p \rightarrow d+\gamma\) |
| 2. | \(e^{+}+e^{-} \rightarrow \gamma\) |
| 3. | \(n+n\rightarrow \text{}\) deuterium atom (electron bound to the nucleus) |
| 4. | \(p \rightarrow n+e^{+}+\nu\) |
Subtopic: Â Mass-Energy Equivalent |
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In a nuclear reaction the following quantities is/are conserved:
| 1. | kinetic energy | 2. | mass |
| 3. | momentum | 4. | all the above |
Subtopic: Â Mass-Energy Equivalent |
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During a \(\beta\)-decay, fast electrons are found to have been emitted. These electrons come from:
| 1. | the outermost atomic shell |
| 2. | the innermost atomic shell |
| 3. | the conduction band |
| 4. | the nucleus |
Subtopic: Â Types of Decay |
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The nuclear radius of which of the following nuclei is approximately twice that of deuterium \((_1\mathrm{H}^2)\)?
| 1. | \(_2\mathrm{He}^4\) | 2. | \(_3\mathrm{Li}^8\) |
| 3. | \(_4\mathrm{Be}^8\) | 4. | \(_8\mathrm{O}^{16}\) |
Subtopic: Â Nucleus |
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