The energy equivalent of one atomic mass unit is:

1. $1.6\times {10}^{-19}$ $J$ 

2. $6.02\times {10}^{23}$ $J$

3. 931 MeV 

4. 9.31 MeV

Solar energy is due to:

1. fusion reaction.

2. fission reaction.

3. combustion reaction.

4. chemical reaction.

If the nuclear force between two protons, two neutrons and between a proton and a neutron is denoted by $F_{pp},$ $F_{nn}$ $and$ $F_{pn}$ respectively, then:

1. $F_{pp}\approx F_{nn}\approx F_{pn}$

2. $F_{pp}\ne F_{nn}$ $and$ $F_{pn}=F_{nn}$

3. $F_{pp}=F_{nn}=F_{pn}$

4. $F_{pp}\ne F_{nn}\ne F_{pn}$

The stable nucleus that has a radius half of the radius of $F{e}^{56}$ is:

1. $L{i}^7$ 

2. $N{a}^{21}$

3. $S^{16}$

4. $C{a}^{40}$

Which of the following is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors? 

1. Plutonium 

2. Cadmium 

3. Heavy water

4. Uranium 

The binding energy per nucleon of deuterium and helium atom is 1.1 MeV and 7.0 MeV. If two deuterium nuclei fuse to form a helium atom, the energy released is:

1. 19.2 MeV

2. 23.6 MeV

3. 26.9 MeV 

4. 13.9 MeV

In a fission reaction,

$$\(^{236}_{92}U\rightarrow ~^{117}X~+~^{117}Y~+~^1_0n~+~^1_0n,\) the binding energy per nucleon of X and Y is 8.5 MeV whereas that of \(^{236}U\) is 7.6 MeV. The total energy liberated will be about:

1. 2000 MeV

2. 200 MeV

3. 2 MeV 

4. 1 keV

A nuclear reaction along with the masses of the particle taking part in it is as follows;

$A + B \to C + D + Q MeV$
$1.002 1.004 1.001 1.003$
$amu amu amu amu$

The energy Q liberated in the reaction is:

1. 1.234 MeV

2. 0.931 MeV

3. 0.465 MeV

4. 1.862 MeV

When a deuterium is bombarded on ${}_{8}O_{16}$ nucleus, an $\alpha$-particle is emitted, then the product nucleus is:

1. ${}_{7}N_{13}$ 

2. ${}_{5}B_{10}$

3. ${}_{4}B{e}_9$ 

4. ${}_{7}N_{14}$

The mass of ${}_{7}N_{15}$ is 15.00011 amu, mass of ${}_{8}O_{16}$ is 15.99492 amu and $m_p$= 1.00783 amu. Determine the binding energy of the last proton of \({ }_8 O_{16}\).

1. 2.13 MeV

2. 0.13 MeV 

3. 10 MeV 

4. 12.13 MeV