| 1. | disruptive selection | 
| 2. | adaptive radiation | 
| 3. | extinction | 
| 4. | rapid speciation due to sudden large scale mutations | 
| 1. | is a determinist process. | 
| 2. | only leads to evolution of species that are useful to humans. | 
| 3. | usually is faster than the natural process. | 
| 4. | is not at all related to mutations | 
| Assertion (A): | Dark melanic peppered moth survive better in polluted environments. | 
| Reason (R): | In polluted areas, dark melanic moths are able to camouflage themselves. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A).  | 
		
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. | 
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. | 
| Assertion(A): | Homology implies divergent evolution. | 
| Reason(R): | Homologous organs are organs which do similar jobs in two taxa that were not present in their most recent common ancestor but rather evolved separately. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). | 
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. | 
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. | 
| 1. | Charles Lyell | 2. | Georges Cuvier | 
| 3. | Charles Darwin | 4. | von Baer | 
| Assertion (A): | Only a small percentage of life-forms can be expected to be represented in fossil discoveries. | 
| Reason (R): | Organisms are only rarely preserved as fossils in the best of circumstances, and only a fraction of such fossils have been discovered. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). | 
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. | 
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. | 
| I: | Any population has built in variation in characteristics. | 
| II: | Those characteristics which enable some to survive better in natural conditions (climate, food, physical factors, etc.) would outbreed others that are less-endowed to survive under such natural conditions. | 
| III: | The fitness, according to Darwin, refers ultimately and only to reproductive fitness. | 
| IV: | Those who are better fit in an environment, leave more progeny than others. | 
| I: | They created similar conditions in a laboratory scale as was proposed for primeval Earth atmosphere by Oparin. | 
| II: | They created electric discharge in a closed flask containing CH4, O2, NH3 and water vapour at 80°C. | 
| III: | They observed formation of amino acids. | 
| 1. | All living organisms (species or types) that we see today were created as such. | 
| 2. | The diversity was always the same since creation and will be the same in future also. | 
| 3. | Earth is about 4000 years old. | 
| 4. | Living organisms develop from non-living matter. |