| 1. | discontinuous variations due to mutations are important for evolution | 
| 2. | continuous variations due to recombination are important for evolution | 
| 3. | evolution is a function of time | 
| 4. | evolution is a deterministic process | 
| 1. | Carl Correns | 2. | Charles Lyell | 
| 3. | Thomas Malthus | 4. | A. R. Wallace | 
| I: | Theoretically, population size will grow exponentially if everybody reproduced maximally | 
| II: | Population sizes in reality are limited | 
| 1. | Only A | 2. | Only B | 
| 3. | Both A and B | 4. | Neither A nor B | 
| 1. | Charles Darwin | 2. | Lamarck | 
| 3. | Hugo de Vries | 4. | Louis Pasteur | 
| Assertion (A): | Natural selection can be regarded as ‘differential reproduction’. | 
| Reason (R): | Nature selects for fitness. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). | 
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. | 
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. | 
| 1. | disruptive selection | 
| 2. | adaptive radiation | 
| 3. | extinction | 
| 4. | rapid speciation due to sudden large scale mutations | 
| 1. | is a determinist process. | 
| 2. | only leads to evolution of species that are useful to humans. | 
| 3. | usually is faster than the natural process. | 
| 4. | is not at all related to mutations | 
| Assertion (A): | Dark melanic peppered moth survive better in polluted environments. | 
| Reason (R): | In polluted areas, dark melanic moths are able to camouflage themselves. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). | 
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. | 
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. | 
| Assertion(A): | Homology implies divergent evolution. | 
| Reason(R): | Homologous organs are organs which do similar jobs in two taxa that were not present in their most recent common ancestor but rather evolved separately. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). | 
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. | 
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. | 
| 1. | Charles Lyell | 2. | Georges Cuvier | 
| 3. | Charles Darwin | 4. | von Baer |