The graph given below shows variation of specific heat capacity of water versus temperature. 

From the graph given above, we can conclude that:

1. Specific heat capacity always increases

2. Specific heat capacity always decreases

3. Specific heat capacity never changes

4. Specific heat capacity first decreases and then increases

 

The graph below shows the processes involved in a Carnot engine. 

For the two isotherms 1 and 2, the temperature of isotherm 1 is: 

1. Equal to the temperature of isotherm 2

2. More than the temperature of isotherm 2

3. Less than the temperature of isotherm 2

4. Sometimes more & sometimes less than the temperature of isotherm 2

The \((P\text{-}V)\) diagram for an ideal gas in a piston-cylinder assembly undergoing a thermodynamic process is shown in the figure. The process is:

The efficiency of a Carnot engine depends upon:

1. the temperature of the sink only.

2. the temperatures of the source and the sink.

3. the volume of the cylinder of the engine.

4. the temperature of the source only.

Q. 5 Consider two containers A and B containing identical gases at the same pressure, volume and temperature. The gas in container A is compressed to half of its original volume isothermally while the gas in container B is compressed to half of its original value adiabatically. The ratio of the final pressure of gas in B to that of gas in A is:

a. $2^{\gamma -1}$

b. ${\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}^{\gamma -1}$

c. ${\left(\frac{1}{1-\gamma }\right)}^2$

d. ${\left(\frac{1}{\gamma -1}\right)}^2$

Consider a heat engine as shown in the figure. ${\mathrm{Q}}_1 \mathrm{and} {\mathrm{Q}}_2$ are heat added to ${\mathrm{T}}_1$ and heat taken from ${\mathrm{T}}_2$ respectively, in one cycle of the engine. W is the mechanical work done on the engine.

If W > 0, then possibilities are:

$(a) {\mathrm{Q}}_1>{\mathrm{Q}}_2>0(b) {\mathrm{Q}}_2>{\mathrm{Q}}_1>0(c) {\mathrm{Q}}_2<{\mathrm{Q}}_1<0(d) {\mathrm{Q}}_1<0, {\mathrm{Q}}_2>0$

Choose the correct alternatives:
1. (b, c)

2. (a, d)

3. (b, d)

4. (a, c)

Consider a cycle followed by an engine (figure). 

1 to 2 is isothermal,

2 to 3 is adiabatic,

3 to 1 is adiabatic.

Such a process does not exist, because:

Choose the correct alternatives:
1. (a, b)
2. (a, c)
3. (b, c)
4. (c, d)

The figure shows the (P-V) diagram of an ideal gas undergoing a change of state from A to B. Four different paths I, II, III and IV, as shown in the figure, may lead to the same change of state.
               

Which of the following options contains only correct statements?

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process from some initial state i to
the final state $f$.

(a) dU = 0 

(b) dQ = 0 

(c) dQ = dU 

(d) dQ = dW

Choose the correct alternatives:

1. (a, b, c)

2. (a, d)

3. (b, c, d)

4. (a, c, d)

Which of the processes described below are irreversible?
 

Choose the correct alternative/s:

1. (a, b, c)

2. (a, d)

3. (b, c, d)

4. (a, b, d)