Which of the following pyramids can never be inverted in a natural ecosystem?

1. pyramid of numbers

2. pyramid of energy

3. pyramid of biomass

4. all can be inverted 

Plants capture approximately __________________ of the sun's energy while other trophics levels capture about _________________ of the energy available to them in their food.
1. 1%, 10%
2. 10%, 60%
3. 10%, 1%
4. 60%, 10%

Which trophic level is incorrectly defined?
1. Carnivores- secondary or tertiary consumer
2. Decomposer- microbial heterotrophs
3. Herbivores - primary consumer
4. Omnivores - Molds, yeast and mushrooms

In general, the biomass in an ecosystem will be greatest at the trophic level comprising.

1. secondary consumers

2. primary consumers

3. producers

4. tertiary consumers

Consider the following two statements:

l. The annual net primary productivity of the whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter.

ll. Majority of this is contributed by the oceans as they occupy larger area of earth.

1. Both l and ll are correct and ll explains l
2. Both l and ll are correct but ll does not explain l
3. l is correct but ll is incorrect
4. l is incorrect but ll is correct

What percent of energy in the sunlight availble to the primary producers is converted by them into net primary productivity ?
1. 1
2. 2
3. 5
4. 10 

Both hydrach and xerarch successions:

1. Take same time

2. Have similar sere

3. Lead to mesic conditions

4. Have same pioneer species

The second trophic level in a lake is:
1. Phytoplankton
2. Zooplankton
3. Benthos
4. Fishes

The rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers is called as:

1. Secondary productivity
2. Standing crop
3. Standing state
4. Net primary productivity

The limitations of ecological pyramids include all the following except:

1. The do not take into account the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels

2. They do not represent relationships between organisms at different trophic levels

3. They assume a simple food chain and do not consider food webs

4. Saprotrophs are not given any place in the ecological pyramids