The sino-atrial node is the normal pacemaker of the human heart because:

1. It is located in the right atrium

2. It is the only part of the conducting system that can generate impulse

3. It can generate the maximum number of action potentials in the conducting system

4. It produces action potentials that are more in size than the other parts of the conducting system.

The second heart sound during the cardiac cycle is produced by the:

1. Simultaneous opening of the atrioventricular valves

2. Simultaneous closure of the atrioventricular valves

3. Simultaneous opening of the semilunar valves

4. Simultaneous closure of the semilunar valves

In a surface ECG the QRS complex represents:

1. Atrial depolarization

2. Atrial repolarization

3. Ventricular depolrization

4. Ventricular repolarization

Normal activities of the human heart are regulated:

1. Intrinsically

2. By the autonomic nervous system

3. By the brain stem

4. By the diencephalon

A common symptom produced by myocardial ischemia is:

1. Hypertension

2. Vertigo

3. Angina

4. Hyperventilation

The steps of the cardiac cycle in sequence are...

1. isovolumic contraction, isovolumic relaxation, ejection, passive ventricular filling, active ventricular filling.

2. isovolumic relaxation, isovolumic contraction, ejection, passive ventricular filling, active ventricular filling.

3. isovolumic contraction, ejection, isovolumic relaxation, passive ventricular filling, active ventricular filling.

4. isovolumic contraction, ejection, isovolumic relaxation, active ventricular filling, passive ventricular filling

An individual who is blood type AB negative

1. can receive any blood type in moderate amounts

2. can receive any blood type in moderate amounts except that with the Rh antigen

3. can donate to all blood types in moderate amounts

4. can receive types A, B and AB but not type O

The first heart sound or the 'lubb' is produced:

1. Near the end of the atrial systole

2. Immediately after the start of the ventricular systole

3. Near the end of the ventricular systole

4. Immediately after the start of the ventricular diastole

The right atria of the human heart receive:

1. Oxygenated blood

2. Deoxygenated blood

3. Arterial blood

4. Venous blood

The following is the diagrammatic representation of standard ECG. Identify the correct statement :

1. P is caused by atrial repolarization

2. Q, when present, always shows myocardial ischemia

3. QRS complex is due to time taken by impulse from SA node to AV node

4. T is caused by ventricular repolarization