Ncert Exercises & Solutions

Mary is about to face an interview. But during the first five minutes before the interview she experiences sweating, increased rate of heartbeat, respiration, etc. Which hormone is responsible for her restlessness?

1. Estrogen and progesterone

2. Oxytocin and vasopressin

3. Adrenaline and noradrenaline

4. Insulin and glucagon

(c) Mary, during her first five minutes before interview experiences sweating, increased heart rate and respiration because she is having stress which leads to release of emergency hormones or hormones of flight and fight, ie., adrenaline and noradrenaline. These hormones stimulate the breakdown of glycogen resulting in increase concentration of glucose in blood.

Estrogen and progesterone Estrogen regulates growth and development of female sex organs, female secondary structure, mammary gland development and progestrone supports pregnancy.

Oxytocin and vasopressin Oxytocin is involved in contraction of smooth muscles of uterus at the time of child birth in females and acts mainly on mammary gland for milk ejection. Vasopressin stimulates the absorption of water and electrolytes by distal tubules in kidney and also reduces loss of water.

Insulin and glucagon are the peptide hormones. Insulin decrease blood glucose level and glucagon is involved in increasing normal glucose levels in the blood.

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