Ncert Exercises & Solutions

Out of o-nitrophenol and o cresol which is more acidic?

The acidic character of alcohols is due to the polar nature of

O—H bond. Higher the polarity of O—H bond, more will be the acidic strength. Due lo --I and --R effect of nitro group, electron density decreases in the O—H bond of o-nitrophenol and thus polarity
increases.

Whereas due to +I effect of — ${CH}_{3}$ group, electron density increases in the O— H bond of o-cresol, Thus, O— H bond of o-nitrophenol is weaker than O— H bond of o-cresol and o-nitrophenol is more acidic than o-cresol.

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