Ncert Exercises & Solutions

Gadolinium (atomic number 64) is an element of the 4f series, Identify the correct electronic configuration of gadolinium from the following options:

\(1. (X e) 4 f^{7} 5 d^{1} 6 s^{2} \)

2. \( (X e) 4 f^{6} 5 d^{2} 6 s^{2}\)

3. \((X e) 4 f^{8} 6 d^{2}\)

4. \((X e) 4 f^{9} 5 s^{1}\)

Hint: To maintain the half-filled subshell in 4f, the next electron transfer is the 5d subshell.

Gadolinium belongs to the 4f series and has the atomic number 64. The correct electronic configuration of gadolinium is
Xe 4f⁷ 5d¹6s² It has extra stability due to the half-filled 4f subshell.

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