Ncert Exercises & Solutions

Elements of group 14

(a) exhibit oxidation state of +4 only

(b) exhibit oxidation state of +2 and +4

(d) form $M^{2 +} a n d M^{4 +}$ ions

(b)The elements of group 14 have 4 valence electrons. Therefore, the oxidation state of the group is +4. However, as a result of the inert pair effect, the lower oxidation state becomes more and more stable and the higher oxidation state becomes less stable. Therefore, this group exhibits +4 and +2 oxidation states.

Group 14 element	Oxidation state
C	+4
Si	+4
Ge, Sn, Pb	+2, +4

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